公共心理健康框架:将法律视为预防医学
1Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia.
Medical law review
|January 28, 2025
概括
促进公共心理健康需要将社会和环境因素纳入法律和政策. 一个新的公共心理健康框架通过考虑社会决定因素,人权和预防和福祉的残疾模型来指导这一点.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会流行病学 社会流行病学
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
背景情况:
- 心理健康和福祉受到社会和环境因素的重大影响,而不仅仅是生物学或个人倾向.
- 现有的法律和政策框架往往忽视了社会决定因素对人口心理健康的深刻影响.
- 需要主动预防精神疾病,并促进福祉作为国家基本责任.
研究的目的:
- 将法律和政策制定重定向到预防精神疾病和促进福祉.
- 介绍和解释公共心理健康框架作为一个新的概念和经验模型.
- 在法律和政策背景下展示框架的实际应用.
主要方法:
- 公共心理健康框架是基于对健康和心理健康的社会决定因素的研究 (例如,贫困,不平等,不良童年经历).
- 它整合了健康和人权法的原则.
- 它将残疾的中间社会模型纳入其中,以了解和解决障碍.
主要成果:
- 该框架提供了一种结构化的方法来分析社会因素对心理健康的影响.
- 它提供了将心理健康考虑纳入政策的方法,通过议会分析,行政结构,战略规划和宣传.
- 通过与现有的立法机制进行比较来证明适用性,例如1998年"人权法" (英国) 和2015年"未来世代福祉法" (威尔士).
结论:
- 法律和政策必须有意设计,以预防精神疾病和促进福祉.
- 公共心理健康框架提供了一个实用的工具,用于将心理健康促进纳入治理.
- 积极主动,基于权利和社会知情的政策制定对于改善人口心理健康结果至关重要.
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