不同的息地选择是否有助于和之间共存?
Katie A Lee1, Antonio Uzal1, Louise K Gentle1
1School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Science, Brackenhurst Campus Nottingham Trent University Southwell UK.
Ecology and evolution
|January 28, 2025
概括
欧洲刺通过使用建筑物附近的不理想息地来避免欧亚大,而不仅仅是通过恐惧的景观. 这种由不同息地使用驱动的空间隔离,是理解它们共存的关键.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 野生动物保护 野生动物保护
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
背景情况:
- 品种内部掠食关系 (IGP),一种物种掠食并与另一种物种竞争,复杂化了物种分布预测.
- 欧亚大 (Meles meles) 是众所周知的欧洲 (Erinaceus europaeus) 的内属掠食者,可能会通过掠食和资源竞争导致种群减少.
- 之前的研究表明,大和刺之间存在空间分离,并将其归因于刺的"恐惧景观",但息地使用的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 调查影响欧洲分布的因素,特别是检查食物供应,息地偏好和欧亚大存在的角色.
- 确定大和刺之间的空间隔离是否发生在更细微的尺度上,并与不同息地使用有关.
- 评估两种物种的时间活动模式及其对区分的潜力.
主要方法:
- 在英格兰和威尔士的22个农村研究地点估计了子和的密度和占用率.
- 占用模型被用来分析个别摄像头陷的尺度上的空间隔离.
- 两种物种之间的息地使用,无脊椎动物生物质和时间活动进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 刺的密度随着土地使用而显著变化,而子的密度则没有.
- 在更细致的尺度上观察到空间隔离,刺利用建筑物附近的区域和较低的无脊椎动物生物量,与不同.
- 尽管存在空间分离,但物种之间没有检测到活动的时间分离.
- 刺息地使用与的存在没有直接相关,这挑战了简单的"恐惧景观"解释.
结论:
- 刺的空间分布受到不同息地使用的影响,它们倾向于在人类定居点附近占据低于最佳的区域,可能是为了避免掠食.
- 虽然与"恐惧景观"相一致,但这些发现强调了息地选择和食品可用性的重要性.
- 需要进一步的研究来探索刺城市息地选择的替代假设,并了解有利于与大共存的利基分区.
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