tRNA m1A 修改调节胆固醇生物合成,以促进 CD8+ T 细胞的抗瘤免疫力
Shan Miao1,2, Hao Li3, Xiaohan Song1,2
1Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai, China.
The Journal of experimental medicine
|January 28, 2025
概括
由Trmt61a调节的tRNA m1A修饰通过促进胆固醇合成来增强CD8+T细胞抗瘤免疫力. 这一发现为癌症免疫治疗策略提供了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节 代谢调节
背景情况:
- CD8+ T 细胞激活需要显著的代谢重编程以实现效应器功能.
- 控制CD8+T细胞中这种代谢转移的转录后机制尚不清楚.
- 转移RNA (tRNA) N1-甲基亚丁 (m1A) 修饰在CD8+ T细胞抗瘤反应中的作用在很大程度上是未定义的.
研究的目的:
- 在CD8+ T细胞中研究tRNA m1A修饰的生理功能.
- 阐明tRNA m1A"编写"基因Trmt61a在抗瘤免疫中的作用.
- 确定tRNA m1A,新陈代谢和CD8+T细胞功能之间的机制联系.
主要方法:
- 利用体内和体外测试来评估CD8+ T细胞瘤杀伤能力.
- 研究了Trmt61a删除对CD8+T细胞功能的影响.
- 分析了tRNA m1A修饰对关键代谢酶的翻译的影响.
- 评估了胆固醇补充对Trmt61a缺乏CD8+T细胞的救援效应.
主要成果:
- 在CD8+T细胞中删除Trmt61a显著降低了它们杀伤瘤的能力.
- 通过Trmt61a介导的tRNA m1A修饰增强了ATP酸酶的翻译,这是胆固醇生物合成中的关键酶.
- 胆固醇补充恢复了受损的瘤杀伤功能和缺乏Trmt61a的CD8+T细胞的增殖.
结论:
- 依赖Trmt61a的tRNA m1A修饰是CD8+ T细胞中胆固醇生物合成的关键调节者.
- 这种修饰增强了CD8+ T细胞效应器功能和抗瘤免疫力.
- 向tRNA m1A修饰代表了增强癌症免疫治疗的潜在新战略.
更多相关视频
11:02Induction of Invasive Transitional Cell Bladder Carcinoma in Immune Intact Human MUC1 Transgenic Mice: A Model for Immunotherapy Development
Published on: October 30, 2013
21.2K
07:36Tumor Transplantation for Assessing the Dynamics of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells in Mice
Published on: June 12, 2021
6.4K
相关概念视频
Transfer RNA Synthesis
11.8K
One of the unique features of tRNA is the presence of modified bases. In some tRNAs, modified bases account for nearly 20% of the total bases in the molecule. Altogether, these unusual bases protect the tRNA from enzymatic degradation by RNases.
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
Each of these chemical modifications is carried by a specific enzyme, post-transcription. All of these enzymes have unique base and site-specificity. Methylation, the most common chemical modification, is carried by at least nine different enzymes, with...
11.8K
Tumor Immunotherapy
466
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
466
The Tumor Microenvironment
6.5K
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
6.5K
MicroRNAs
3.0K
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
3.0K
Abnormal Proliferation
4.4K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.4K
RNA Editing
8.9K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
8.9K
