在面临自杀风险的退伍军人中,获得枪支和阿片类药物的机会
Gabriela Kattan Khazanov1,2,3, Matthew Wilson3, Tom Cidav3
1Center of Excellence for Substance Addiction Treatment and Education, Corporal Michael J Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
JAMA network open
|January 28, 2025
概括
28.2%的风险退伍军人报告使用枪支,而枪锁和纳洛等安全装置的接受度较低. 这突出了潜在的报告不足和特定退伍军人群体的风险.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 退伍军人健康 退伍军人的健康
- 预防自杀 预防自杀
背景情况:
- 枪支伤害和药物过量服用是一般人口和美国退伍军人自杀的主要原因.
- 退伍军人卫生管理局 (VHA) 对完成安全计划的处于自杀风险的退伍军人进行枪支和阿片类药物准入评估.
研究的目的:
- 描述退伍军人在自杀风险较高的退伍军人中对枪支和阿片类药物的自我报告.
- 记录枪支储存实践,分发安全装置 (电缆锁,纳洛),并就安全储存和过量预防提供咨询.
主要方法:
- 使用VHA电子健康记录数据进行横截面研究 (2021年12月 - 2023年2月).
- 包括通过哥伦比亚自杀严重性评分表的自杀风险较高的退伍军人,他们完成了安全计划.
- 通过安全计划说明模板的致命手段组件评估枪支和阿片类药物获取,储存和安全设备的分发.
主要成果:
- 在38454名退伍军人中,28.2%的人报告使用枪支;5.3%的人报告使用阿片类药物.
- 大约三分之一的退伍军人报告说,不安全的枪支存储 (未锁定和装载).
- 在年轻,白人,非西班牙裔/拉丁裔,男性和农村退伍军人中,使用枪支更为常见. 在老年人,白人,非西班牙裔/拉丁裔和农村退伍军人中,吸食阿片类药物更为普遍.
- 临床医生讨论的枪支储存率为98.2%,过量使用风险为78.6%.
- 枪支电缆锁 (16.9%) 和纳洛 (26.5%) 的接受率较低.
结论:
- 报告的枪支准入率低于预期,这表明潜在的报告不足或文件不足.
- 安全计划模板鼓励对枪支存储和过量使用风险进行常规讨论,但安全装置的采用率很低.
- 白人,非西班牙裔/拉丁裔和农村退伍军人可能面临来自枪支和阿片类药物的高风险.
相关概念视频
Healthcare Agencies II
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources, and lay...
Prescription, Nonprescription and Orphan Drugs
Prescription drugs require a prescription from a medical practitioner and can only be obtained from a pharmacy. They have many applications, including treating pain, anxiety, and hypertension.
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
The misuse and addiction to prescription drugs is a growing problem that can affect people of all age groups, specifically teenagers. This can happen when prescription medications are used in ways not intended by the prescriber, such as taking someone else's prescription or using medication for...
Analgesia and Pain Management
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
Stress and Mental Health
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events, are a...
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events, are a...


