在怀孕期间预防和管理感染的干预措施
Rahima Yasin1, Li Jiang2, Jai K Das1,3
1Institute for Global Health and Development, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Neonatology
|January 28, 2025
概括
在怀孕期间预防和治疗孕产妇感染对于新生儿健康至关重要. 诸如用杀虫剂处理的床和改善间歇性疟疾预防治疗等干预措施显著降低了风险,并改善了低收入国家出生体重.
科学领域:
- 产科和妇科 产科和妇科
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 怀孕期间的孕产妇感染对胎儿发育和新生儿后果构成重大风险.
- 产前护理干预措施,包括免疫和感染管理,对于减少并发症至关重要.
- 改善新生儿结果在很大程度上依赖于有效的预防和治疗母亲感染的策略.
研究的目的:
- 总结了13项预防和治疗产前感染的干预措施的证据.
- 对低收入和中低收入国家 (LMICs) 进行分组元分析,重点关注新生儿健康结果.
- 发现LMICs证据中的差距,并倡导协调努力,加强该领域的研究.
主要方法:
- "每一个新生儿系列" (The Lancet 2014) 最新证据的系统审查.
- 从已识别的系统审查中提取数据.
- 对LMICs进行子组元分析,分析与新生儿健康相关的结果.
主要成果:
- 用杀虫剂处理的床可减少胎儿损失,改善出生体重.
- 更频繁的间歇性疟疾预防治疗 (IPTp) 减少了低出生体重 (LBW) 和改善了出生体重.
- 将抗生素添加到IPTp中,治疗梅毒/克拉米迪亚和管理牙周病显著减少了LBW.
- 流感疫苗接种对死产,早产,对于妊娠年龄来说小,或LBW没有影响.
结论:
- 有限证据存在从LMICs关于怀孕期间对孕产妇感染的干预措施.
- 几项干预措施,包括用杀虫剂处理的床和优化IPTp,证明了对LMIC新生儿结局的好处.
- 迫切需要增加研究和协调努力,以建立一个更具包容性的证据基础,以预防和治疗LMIC的孕产妇感染.
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