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在不同毒性的PRRSV感染期间,支气管支气管洗的单细胞转录组学

Byeonghwi Lim¹, Seung-Chai Kim², Hwan-Ju Kim²

¹Functional Genomics & Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi-do, 17546, Republic of Korea.

Nature communications

|January 28, 2025

概括

猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 感染会影响猪的健康. 这项研究揭示了不同的PRRSV菌株如何影响免疫细胞,影响肺损伤和恢复.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
猪病理学猪病理学

背景情况:

猪生殖和呼吸系统综合征病毒 (PRRSV) 对猪业构成重大经济威胁.
高基因多样性和PRRSV不同毒性使疾病控制和疫苗策略复杂化.

研究的目的:

在PRRSV感染期间调查支气管支气管洗液中的纵向免疫细胞变化.
为了将免疫细胞动态与不同毒性PRRSV菌株的临床结果相关联.
阐明PRRSV引起的肺损伤和宿主反应的机制.

主要方法:

支气管支气管洗液的单细胞转录组学分析.
长度监测免疫细胞群和临床症状.
病毒复制和细胞死亡分析.
特定巨细胞亚型的识别和表征.

主要成果:

高毒性PRRSV感染导致早期的肺损伤,巨细胞减少和淋巴细胞流入,与旁观者细胞死亡有关.
只有不到5%的巨细胞被直接感染,这表明病原发生的间接机制.
中级病毒性PRRSV感染显示出延迟的肺损伤,免疫细胞的变化不那么严重.
抗炎M2类巨细胞 (SPP1-CXCL14high) 在中级感染中恢复期间增加,有助于肺部修复.

结论:

PRRSV的毒性显著影响肺损伤的动力学和免疫细胞动力学.
旁观者细胞死亡,可能由外体微RNA介导,在PRRSV病变发生过程中发挥作用.
类似M2的巨细胞对于较少毒性PRRSV感染的肺部恢复至关重要,突出了潜在的治疗点.

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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

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