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一个在线的多领域生活方式干预,以防止高危老年人的认知衰退:一个随机对照试验
Henry Brodaty1, Tiffany Chau2, Megan Heffernan2
1Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. h.brodaty@unsw.edu.au.
Nature medicine
|January 28, 2025
概括
一个在线生活方式计划通过针对身体活动,营养和心理健康,在三年内显著改善了老年人的认知能力. 这种可扩展的干预措施有望延缓一般社区的认知衰退.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 有效,可扩展的痴呆症预防策略至关重要,因为全球痴呆症负担和开发疾病修饰治疗的困难.
- 可修改的风险因素为干预提供了机会,特别是在老龄化人口中.
- 在线干预为广泛减少痴呆风险提供了一个可扩展的解决方案.
研究的目的:
- 评估为期3年的在线多领域生活方式干预措施在预防认知衰退方面的有效性.
- 评估干预对可修改痴呆风险因素的老年人认知功能的影响.
- 确定干预的可扩展性和在人口层面实施的潜力.
主要方法:
- 一个单盲随机对照试验,涉及6104名年龄在55-77岁的澳大利亚无痴呆症患者.
- 参与者被随机分配到个性化的在线多领域生活方式干预或仅接受信息的对照组.
- 该干预包括针对身体活动,营养,认知活动和心理健康 (抑郁/焦虑) 的在线辅导模块.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,干预组在全球认知综合评分中的平均变化明显更大 (0.18,P < 0.001).
- 在干预组的3年试验期间,观察到认知能力的改善.
- 干预 (0.60%) 和对照 (0.03%) 组之间的不良事件是最小的和可比的.
结论:
- 通过互联网提供的个性化生活方式干预显著提高了老年人的认知功能超过3年.
- 这种可扩展的干预措施有可能在广泛的社区中推广,以延迟认知衰退.
- 通过在线多领域计划解决可修改的风险因素是预防痴呆症的可行策略.
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