长期COVID及其在移民中的风险因素:来自瑞典的全国性注册研究
Agneta Cederström1,2, George Frederick Mkoma3,4, Thomas Benfield5,6
1Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. agneta.cederstrom@su.se.
BMC medicine
|January 28, 2025
概括
移民面临更高的长期COVID风险,疾病严重程度是主要的驱动因素. 针对性的卫生干预对于移民社区来说至关重要,以减轻长期后果.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- COVID-19不成比例地影响了移民和少数民族,有证据表明长期COVID风险增加.
- 这项研究调查了瑞典成年居民的长期COVID诊断风险,根据出生国,考虑已知的风险因素.
研究的目的:
- 评估与瑞典出生的居民相比,移民中长期COVID诊断的风险.
- 确定导致不同出生人口中长期COVID风险差异的因素.
主要方法:
- 针对COVID-19病例,利用了瑞典相关的行政注册 (2020年3月至2023年4月).
- 用Poisson回归来计算长期COVID的发病率比率 (IRR) 根据出生国.
- 研究了疾病严重程度,疫苗接种,社会经济因素和先前存在的条件的影响.
主要成果:
- 来自东欧,芬兰,南亚,其他亚洲,其他非洲和中东的移民与瑞典出生的个人相比,长期COVID风险更高.
- 疾病严重程度 (住院或ICU入院) 是移民长期COVID风险增加的主要因素.
- 疫苗接种状况和社会状况对疫苗接种有中等影响,而先前存在的健康问题并没有显著影响.
结论:
- 移民经历了更大的COVID-19影响,导致更高的长期COVID风险,主要是由疾病严重程度驱动的.
- 调查结果强调了针对移民社区的有针对性的公共卫生干预措施的必要性,包括疫苗接种和社会支持.
- 减少疾病严重程度是缓解COVID-19在脆弱人群中长期健康后果的关键.
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