在 Aotearoa/新西兰的自闭症学生中上学的出席率:使用集成数据基础设施进行的人口跨部门研究
Nicholas Bowden1, Francesca Anns2,3, Hien Vu1
1Women's and Children's Health, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Journal of paediatrics and child health
|January 29, 2025
概括
自闭症学生经常上学的可能性较低. 在年轻的自闭症学生中,出席率差异更为明显,这凸显了有针对性的支持的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 现有的研究表明,自闭症学生的上学率较低,但差异很大.
- 考虑到年龄和性别差异的大规模,基于人口的研究是有限的.
- 这项研究通过检查自闭症与非自闭症学生的上学情况,分年龄和性别分层来解决这些差距.
研究的目的:
- 调查自闭症学生与非自闭症同龄人相比的学校上学率.
- 分析自闭症学生在学校上学的年龄和性别特异性差异.
- 为了确定自闭症学生中不出席的模式.
主要方法:
- 国家回顾性队列研究利用人口水平健康和教育数据 (2018年).
- 包括5至16岁的学生,通过诊断健康数据集确定自闭症.
- 使用修改Poisson回归来估计自闭症和定期上学 (≥90%的学期半天) 之间的关联的分析.
主要成果:
- 自闭症与正常上学的可能性显著降低 (IRR 0.88).
- 较年轻的自闭症学生 (5-11岁) 在定期上课的可能性下降得更大 (IRR 0.85).
- 观察到边际的性别差异;在自闭症学生中,有理由的 (医疗) 缺席更频繁.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了自闭症学生在使用全人口数据的学校上学的显著差异.
- 综合性和有针对性的支持系统对于改善自闭症学生,他们的家庭和学校的出席率至关重要.
- 解决出勤差距需要涉及学生,家庭和教育机构的多方面的方法.
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