关于演讲者的推理能力的信念影响实用解释:儿童和成年人作为演讲者

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Alexandra Mayn¹, Jia E Loy¹, Vera Demberg^1,2

¹Department of Language Science and Technology, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany.

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概括

听众考虑演讲者的复杂性,根据演讲者是成年人还是儿童,他们会根据不同的解释模两可的信息. 这影响了沟通中的务实推断和字面解释.

科学领域:

认知科学认知科学
语言学的语言学.
心理学心理学心理学

背景情况:

合作原则认为,沟通者假定相互合作,并坚持合理的对话规范.
听众追踪和利用演讲者的推理复杂度来得出推理的能力在沟通研究中仍然是一个开放的问题.

研究的目的:

调查听众是否根据听众认为演讲者的推理复杂性来调整他们对模两可的信息的解释.
确定听众在处理实用推理与字面意义时,是否能区分成年人和儿童说话者.

主要方法:

两个实验利用了含糊不清的信息的参考游戏范式.
参与者解释了归因于成年人或4岁儿童的信息.
分析的重点是基于含义的解释与字面解释的频率.

主要成果:

发言人的身份显著影响了信息的解释:成年人归因的信息更有可能被解释为暗示.
被儿童归因的信息更有可能被解释为字面意思.
在解释策略中观察到实质性的个体变化.

结论:

听众积极将听到的说话者的复杂性纳入他们的推断过程.
发言人的感知年龄/复杂度调节了听者的依赖于务实推理与字面意义的依赖.
结果可以在理性演讲法框架内建模,考虑演讲者效应.

关键词:

"理性言论法案"的框架伴侣关系伴侣关系伴侣关系伴侣关系务实的推断是务实的推断.

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