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高致病性牛病毒性腹病毒BJ-11揭示了与小牛病毒性相关的遗传进化

Yuanyuan Zhang^1,2, Jing Cheng¹, Yu Guo^1,3

¹Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in microbiology

|January 29, 2025

概括

一种新的高度致病性牛病毒性腹病毒 (BVDV) 菌株BJ-11在北京被发现. 这种BVDV 1b亚型表现出遗传变异并引起严重疾病,突出了人们对疫苗有效性和潜在的毒性增强的担忧.

科学领域:

兽医病毒学兽医病毒学
分子流行病学分子流行病学
病原体的进化病原体的进化

背景情况:

牛病毒性腹病毒 (BVDV) 在全球畜牧业造成重大经济损失.
尽管BVDV疫苗已被禁用,但高度致病性菌株仍然存在,亚型和疾病呈现有区域差异.
目前,中国仅批准了BVDV 1a亚型疫苗,尽管区域BVDV 1b流行.

研究的目的:

调查在北京普遍存在的BVDV菌株的生物特征和遗传变异.
为BVDV预防和控制战略提供基础.
提高人们对未经监管的BVDV疫苗使用可能增强毒性的认识.

主要方法:

从已死亡,已接种疫苗的小牛中分离和描述一种BVDV菌株 (BJ-11).
对新生小牛进行实验感染,以评估BJ-11的毒性.
遗传学分析和检查E2基因糖化位点.

主要成果:

隔离的BJ-11菌株表现出高致病性,导致发烧,血性腹,厌食症,白细胞和淋巴细胞数量减少,在实验感染的小牛中造成严重的肺病变.
遗传学分析将BJ-11归类为BVDV亚型1b,与JL-1菌株密切相关.
与典型的BVDV-1菌株相比,BJ-11显示了改变的E2糖化位 (损失298SYT,增加122NGS).

结论:

BJ-11代表了一种高度致病的BVDV 1b菌株,它从一种低毒性祖先进化而来,适合作为挑战菌株.
这些发现强调需要更新BVDV监测和疫苗接种策略,考虑到区域遗传多样性和疫苗诱导的潜在毒性变化.

关键词:

BVDV 1b 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1b BVDV 1 牛病毒性腹病毒病毒进化,进化,进化,进化,进化.葡萄糖蛋白突变的突变这是一种致命的毒株.疫苗接种策略疫苗接种策略

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