健康老年人的认知干预:一个系统的元综述
Vitória Velloso1, Sofia Latgé-Tovar2, Iris Bomilcar3
1Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Department of Psychology, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP
|January 29, 2025
概括
认知训练对健康的衰老有希望,但对其他认知干预措施需要更多的研究. 高质量的研究对于确认有效性和指导未来干预措施至关重要.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 全球预期寿命正在增加,这导致对支持老年人认知健康的干预措施的需求越来越大.
- 基于证据的认知干预对于缓解与年龄相关的认知衰退和促进健康老龄化至关重要.
- 关于认知干预对认知健康的老年人有效性和可行性的现有证据需要进行全面的总结.
研究的目的:
- 评估单模和多模认知干预措施的有效性和可行性.
- 为认知健康的老年人提供认知干预现有证据的总结.
- 确定对老龄人口认知干预的未来研究领域.
主要方法:
- 进行了一次系统的元综述,搜索了PubMed,科学网,Embase和Cochrane图书馆.
- 分析中包括了39篇文章,包括21篇元分析和18篇定性系统评论.
- 使用AMSTAR2工具评估了包含的评论的质量,并以叙事方式总结了发现.
主要成果:
- 综述包括大量研究,重点关注认知训练 (38篇评论),认知刺激 (4篇评论) 和多组件干预 (1篇评论).
- 大多数包括在内的系统性审查被发现具有较低或极低的方法质量.
- 认知培训成为审查中支持证据最多的干预措施.
结论:
- 认知训练目前是维持健康老年人的认知功能的最受支持的干预措施.
- 建议对认知刺激和多组件干预方案进行进一步的研究,以确定其有效性.
- 加强证据基础需要严格的偏差风险和质量评估,以及更长的后续期来确定临床上有意义的结果.
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