在磁共振成像中用于大脑神经解剖细分的人工智能:一篇文献综述
Mitchell Andrews1, Antonio Di Ieva2
1Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.
概括
人工智能 (AI) 在磁共振成像 (MRI) 中提供高度准确和快速的自动大脑细分. 由于训练数据有限,在处理解剖变异性和病理方面仍然存在挑战.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 医疗人工智能 医疗人工智能
- 计算神经科学是一种神经科学.
背景情况:
- 精确细分神经解剖结构对于理解大脑功能和疾病至关重要.
- 手动细分是耗时的,并且会受到评价者之间的变化.
- 人工智能 (AI) 的进步为自动化和精确的大脑细分提供了潜力.
研究的目的:
- 综合当前关于人工智能应用在MRI中的大脑神经解剖结构细分的研究.
- 审查用于此任务的各种AI模型的性能和局限性.
- 识别人工智能驱动的大脑细分方面的挑战和未来方向.
主要方法:
- 在主要的科学数据库 (Embase,Medline,Scopus,Web of Science) 中进行全面的文献搜索.
- 纳入标准用于评估研究的相关性和质量.
- 数据提取侧重于AI模型类型,细分目标,关键发现和局限性.
主要成果:
- 包括21篇文章,涵盖整个大脑,皮质,皮下结构,小脑,血管,周血管空间和心室的细分.
- 人工智能模型展示了通常高的细分精度,特别是在健康的大脑队伍中.
- 人工智能显著提高了在不同大脑区域自动细分的速度和准确性.
结论:
- 基于AI的自动大脑细分对于大多数神经解剖结构来说是非常准确和高效的.
- 关键的挑战包括确保对解剖学变异和病理的稳定性,主要是由于训练数据不足.
- 需要进一步的研究来克服数据的局限性,并提高AI模型的临床应用的通用性.
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