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执行功能与儿童和青少年注意力缺陷多动性障碍中食物成之间的关联

Lun Meng¹, Na Li², Qiang Chen³

¹Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui, China.

|January 29, 2025

概括

患有注意力缺陷多动症 (ADHD) 的儿童表现出更高的食物成 (FA) 分数. 执行职能水平与年轻人的食物成有很大关系,这表明了新的预防策略.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
儿童心理学儿童心理学
公共卫生公共卫生

背景情况:

注意缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 是儿童和青少年中普遍存在的一种神经发育障碍.
食物成 (FA) 越来越被认为是一种具有潜在健康后果的重大行为问题.
儿童群体中ADHD,执行功能和FA之间的关系需要进一步调查.

研究的目的:

确定被诊断为注意力缺陷多动性障碍 (ADHD) 的儿童和青少年中食物成 (FA) 的患病率.
调查执行职能能力与FA在这个人口群中的存在和严重程度之间的关联.
探索潜在的联系,可以为患有多动症的年轻人提供早期干预策略.

主要方法:

一项涉及1021名儿童和青少年 (年龄在6-18岁) 和他们的父母的横截面研究.
使用了经过验证的仪器,包括范德比尔特ADHD诊断家长评分表 (VADPRS) 和耶鲁食物成量表 (YFAS).
通过执行职能行为评分表,以及人口统计和生活方式因素,评估执行职能.

主要成果:

与没有ADHD的儿童相比,患有ADHD的儿童的FA分数显著更高 (B=1.66,p=0.027),即使对共变量进行了调整.
在执行功能水平和FA得分之间观察到显著的积极关联,在执行功能四分位数中得分增加 (p<0.001对于更高的四分位数).
该研究确定了ADHD队列中FA的显著流行率,突出了临床关注的关键领域.

结论:

这项研究证实,ADHD儿童和青少年中FA的患病率较高.
在患有多动症的青少年中,执行功能受损与FA之间存在显著的关联.
研究结果表明,执行功能缺陷可能是ADHD中FA的促成因素,为早期预防和干预提供了新的途径.

关键词:

注意力缺陷多动障碍注意力缺陷多动障碍执行职能执行职能执行职能食物成食物成

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