Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

2.8K
In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
2.8K
The Electron Transport Chain01:30

The Electron Transport Chain

16.0K
The electron transport chain or oxidative phosphorylation is an exothermic process in which free energy released during electron transfer reactions is coupled to ATP synthesis. This process is a significant source of energy in aerobic cells, and therefore inhibitors of the electron transport chain can be detrimental to the cell's metabolic processes.
Inhibitors of the electron transport chain
Rotenone, a widely used pesticide, prevents electron transfer from Fe-S cluster to ubiquinone or Q...
16.0K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids01:21

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Cannabinoids

200
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Two synthetic agonists of THC,...
200
Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems01:19

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

136
Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
Oxidation reactions are fundamental in aromatic carbon-containing systems. An example is the hydroxylation of phenobarbital, a process that transforms it into...
136
Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

934
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
934
Enhanced Elimination of Poison01:26

Enhanced Elimination of Poison

470
Poison can be effectively removed from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract through various decontamination procedures.
Antidotes serve a crucial role in counteracting the effects of poison by inhibiting enzymes responsible for producing harmful drug metabolites. In some cases, these toxic metabolites can be neutralized by endogenous cosubstrates, which are maintained at specific concentrations to prevent interaction with cellular macromolecules and subsequent cell death.
Renal excretion is the...
470

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Surface-specific film assembly of a Vibrio cholerae adhesin-derived peptide modulated by environmental salts.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Tensile expansion microscopy applies mechanical force to super-resolve fixed and image live cellular samples.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Optically Tunable Properties of Small Organic Molecules via Photomediated Aza Nazarov Cyclizations.

The Journal of organic chemistry·2025
Same author

<i>Vibrio cholerae</i> adhesin-derived peptide mediates strong pull-off forces in aqueous high-ionic-strength environments.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Selective Nitration and Nitrosation of ArylBoronic Acid Derivatives with <i>N-</i>Nitrososulfonamides.

ACS organic & inorganic Au·2025
Same author

Evaluation of Antibodies for Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Characterization.

Stem cell and regenerative medicine (Wilmington, Del.)·2024

相关实验视频

Updated: May 30, 2025

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox
00:05

In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox

Published on: August 28, 2019

13.8K

由于基因的形成导致的二醇毒性.

Metzli I Montero, Pravien S Rajaram, Jose E Zamora Alvarado

    Chemical research in toxicology
    |January 29, 2025
    PubMed
    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    大麻素 (CBD) 可以氧化成细胞毒性副产品,即使在常见的溶剂中,如乙醇或DMSO. 一种新的类似物,CBD-DA,显示毒性降低,有助于评估CBD的健康风险和设定法律限制.

    更多相关视频

    Unveiling Xenobiotic Transport and Effects in Isolated Mitochondria: Insights from Respirometric and Enzymatic Assays
    08:03

    Unveiling Xenobiotic Transport and Effects in Isolated Mitochondria: Insights from Respirometric and Enzymatic Assays

    Published on: March 7, 2025

    512
    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling
    09:33

    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling

    Published on: March 20, 2018

    13.8K

    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: May 30, 2025

    In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox
    00:05

    In Silico Modeling Method for Computational Aquatic Toxicology of Endocrine Disruptors: A Software-Based Approach Using QSAR Toolbox

    Published on: August 28, 2019

    13.8K
    Unveiling Xenobiotic Transport and Effects in Isolated Mitochondria: Insights from Respirometric and Enzymatic Assays
    08:03

    Unveiling Xenobiotic Transport and Effects in Isolated Mitochondria: Insights from Respirometric and Enzymatic Assays

    Published on: March 7, 2025

    512
    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling
    09:33

    Formation of Covalent DNA Adducts by Enzymatically Activated Carcinogens and Drugs In Vitro and Their Determination by 32P-postlabeling

    Published on: March 20, 2018

    13.8K

    科学领域:

    • 生物化学 生化学
    • 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
    • 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.

    背景情况:

    • (CBD) 的氧化副产品因其细胞毒性作用而闻名.
    • 关于CBD在乙醇 (EtOH) 和二甲基硫氧化物 (DMSO) 等常见溶剂中的氧化易感性和由此产生的毒性,数据有限.
    • CBD产品中的不同度使与CBD细胞毒性相关的一般健康风险的评估变得复杂.

    研究的目的:

    • 为了研究CBD及其同类物在不同度的EtOH和DMSO中的氧化和细胞毒性.
    • 评估一种新型CBD模拟物,大麻二酸盐 (CBD-DA) 的稳定性和毒性概况.

    主要方法:

    • 人类血管内皮细胞 (HUVEC) 暴露于CBD和EtOH或DMSO中的类似物.
    • 分析了CBD氧化和细胞毒性的度依赖性影响.
    • 对CBD,CBD-Q和CBD-DA进行了比较稳定性和毒性评估.

    主要成果:

    • 在10μM时,无论溶剂载体如何,都观察到CBD的显著氧化到大麻二醇 (CBD-Q) 和随后的细胞毒性.
    • 与CBD和CBD-Q相比,CBD-DA表现出增强的稳定性和明显降低的毒性.
    • 该研究确定了CBD诱导的细胞毒性临界度值.

    结论:

    • CBD对氧化和随后的细胞毒性的敏感性取决于度,在EtOH和DMSO中发生在10μM时.
    • CBD-DA是一种潜在的更安全的替代品,具有更好的稳定性和更低的毒性.
    • 这些发现对于评估与复杂大麻素混合物相关的健康风险以及为监管标准提供信息至关重要.