在南非,城市和农村环境中的多重贫困如何不同地影响健康? 来自NIDS数据的证据,2017年

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Msawenkosi Dlamini¹, Josue Mbonigaba²

¹Economics, University of KwaZulu-Natal - Durban Campus, Durban, KZN, South Africa.

BMJ open

|January 29, 2025

概括

这项研究表明,多重剥夺不成比例地影响了南非不同地区的健康. 非正规的城市地区加剧了健康影响,而农村和传统地区提供了对贫困健康影响的保护.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
健康的社会经济决定因素
地理健康差异的差异

背景情况:

传统的城乡健康研究往往忽视了类别内部的差异.
社会经济地位显著影响健康结果,但需要进行特定背景的分析.
了解各种贫困影响对于有针对性的健康干预至关重要.

研究的目的:

检查多重剥夺对不同南非背景的自我评估健康的影响:传统权威,农村正式,城市非正式和城市正式区域.
超越简单的城乡二分法,分析这些特定住宅环境中的健康差异.
确定不同程度的贫困如何与当地环境相互作用,影响健康.

主要方法:

使用国家收入动态研究 (第五波) 数据构建了多重贫困的省级指数.
采用主要组件分析 (PCA) 来解决有序试验模型中的对线性问题.
利用自我报告的健康 (SRH) 作为评估健康结果的依赖变量.

主要成果:

农村正式和传统的权威地区显示了贫困程度最高,而城市正式地区的贫困程度最低.
与城市地区相比,传统和农村的正式区域似乎可以减轻多重贫困对健康的负面影响.
非正式的城市地区放大了多重剥夺和自我报告的健康之间的不利关系.

结论:

多重剥夺对健康的影响因特定的地理和居住环境而异.
干预措施必须考虑更细致的地理特征和当地环境才能有效.
根据特定地区的需求调整健康战略对于改善福祉至关重要.

关键词:

卫生服务卫生服务卫生服务卫生经济学卫生经济学卫生政策卫生政策

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