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外来有毒抑制了本地掠食性的个体生长和表型发展
Yoshihiro Inoue1,2, Hisanori Okamiya3,4, Takayuki Aota5
1Graduate School of Environmental Sciences, Hokkaido University, Takaoka, Tomakomai, Hokkaido, 053-0035, Japan.
Oecologia
|January 29, 2025
概括
有毒的入侵通过抑制生长和发育对本地产生负面影响. 这些对本地捕食者的毒性影响可以改变生命历史,即使不会导致立即死亡.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 侵入性物种 生物学 生物学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 外来物种通过各种机制影响本土人口,包括中毒.
- 有毒的外来物种对本地捕食者构成重大威胁,之前的研究主要集中在致命效应上.
- 毒性外来猎物对本土掠食者生命史的次致命,延迟影响仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
研究的目的:
- 调查有毒外来猎物 (Bufo formosus) 对本土 (Hynobius retardatus) 的生存,生长和发育的影响.
- 评估有毒外来猎物的消费对本地捕食者的致命和次致命影响.
- 填补有关有毒外来物种延迟生命史影响的知识空白.
主要方法:
- 实验室实验涉及将有毒的外来猎物控制地给本地幼虫.
- 在自然池环境中进行的实地实验,以观察捕食者与猎物的相互作用和现场影响.
- 对的生长,发育,生存率和表型变化的比较分析,这些变化发生在不同程度的外来猎物暴露下.
主要成果:
- 摄入一只有毒的外来幼导致非致命效应,抑制了的生长,并抑制了生态表型 (宽) 的发展.
- 实地实验表明,在暴露于侵袭性幼和幼时,的生长 (体型较小) 和晚期幼虫存活率较低.
- 来自实验室和实地研究的补充证据证实了有毒外来对本土的重大生命历史影响.
结论:
- 毒性外来物种的中毒效应可以显著影响本地捕食者的生命史,远远超出了急性致死性.
- 侵入性青对本地种群构成威胁,因为它们通过化学防御来损害生长,发育和生存.
- 了解次致命和延迟影响对于预测入侵物种的全部生态后果至关重要.
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