量化公共出口融资从化石燃料转向可再生能源的转变
Philipp Censkowsky1,2, Paul Waidelich3, Igor Shishlov2,4
1Department of Strategy, Globalization and Society, University of Lausanne (HEC Lausanne), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature communications
|January 29, 2025
概括
公共出口信贷机构 (ECA) 支持全球能源项目. 虽然可再生能源融资增加了,但ECA仍在大量资助化石燃料,并向高收入国家转移.
科学领域:
- 环境科学与政策
- 国际金融 国际金融
- 能源经济学 能源经济学
背景情况:
- 公共出口信贷机构 (ECA) 对于通过担保和直接贷款实现全球能源项目至关重要.
- 了解ECA在低碳能源转型中的融资模式对于实现全球温室气体排放路径至关重要.
- 目前还没有系统地评估欧洲电信局在可持续能源融资中的不断变化的作用.
研究的目的:
- 系统地评估ECA在低碳能源转型中的作用和融资模式.
- 分析ECA对可再生能源和化石燃料项目的支持趋势.
- 识别影响ECA投资组合"绿化"和地理金融流动的因素.
主要方法:
- 分析了2013年至2023年期间由ECA支持的921项商业能源交易.
- 包括31个经合组织和非经合组织国家的数据 (不包括加拿大).
- 检查不同能源技术,价值链阶段和国家的融资模式.
主要成果:
- 在全球ECA能源承诺中,可再生能源的份额从2013年到2023年大幅增加.
- ECA继续为化石燃料行业提供大量支持,在技术,价值链阶段和国家之间存在很大差异.
- 投资组合"绿化"主要是由E3F气候俱乐部的成员推动的,影响交易结构,并将融资转移到高收入国家.
结论:
- 欧洲电信委员会发挥着双重作用,支持可再生能源和化石燃料,需要对其任务进行重新评估.
- 在出口融资方面的国际合作对于使欧洲贸易委员会的活动与气候目标保持一致至关重要.
- 观察到的金融流动的转变凸显了需要有针对性的政策,以确保公平的全球能源转型支持.
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