认知轨迹及其与老年人教育和饮食的关系:基于网络的10年队列研究
Xuchun Wang1, Yuchao Qiao1, Yudong Zhang1
1Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
Frontiers in aging neuroscience
|January 30, 2025
概括
教育和饮食多样性与老年人的认知轨迹有关. 食物的多样性部分介绍了教育如何影响认知衰退,这表明干预可以帮助保持大脑健康.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 关于老年人群中教育,饮食和认知功能之间的相互作用存在有限的研究.
- 了解这些关系对于开发有针对性的干预措施来支持老年人认知健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用网络视角分析老年人认知轨迹,教育和饮食模式之间的关系.
- 探索教育和饮食对随时间推移的认知功能的纵向关联和调解效应.
主要方法:
- 利用来自中国长度健康长寿调查 (CLHLS) (2008-2018) 的数据,对2,115名老年人进行了调查.
- 采用基于组的轨迹建模 (GBTM),多项物流回归和网络分析来识别认知轨迹及其与教育和饮食模式的关联 (食品品种,植物性饮食指数).
- 应用交叉滞后面板和调解模型来研究纵向关联和调解作用.
主要成果:
- 确定了三个不同的认知功能轨迹:稳定,缓慢下降和快速下降.
- 教育和饮食变量与认知衰退轨迹有显著的关联.
- 植物性饮食指数和多年的教育成为网络分析中的中心节点,在慢慢的认知衰退组中观察到显著的纵向关联.
- 发现食品多样性部分调解了教育和认知轨迹之间的关系.
结论:
- 多年的教育表明,在经历慢慢认知衰退的老年人中,与饮食的纵向关联.
- 饮食干预措施,特别是那些促进食物多样性的干预措施,可能在教育-认知关系中发挥调解作用.
- 以教育和饮食行为为重点的有针对性的干预措施有望缓解老年人的认知衰退.
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