预测门诊康复患者的偏好和优化基于XGBoost机器学习算法的分级诊断和治疗
Xuehui Fan1, Ruixue Ye1, Yan Gao1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, The Second People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
Frontiers in artificial intelligence
|January 30, 2025
概括
使用XGBoost的预测模型通过分析患者数据和偏好来优化门诊康复的效率. 关键因素包括距离,到达时间和医疗状况,改善资源配置和患者满意度.
科学领域:
- 康复医学 康复医学 康复医学
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 数据科学数据科学数据科学
背景情况:
- 由于慢性疾病和人口老龄化,对康复服务的需求日益增长,需要提高门诊设施的效率.
- 优化资源配置和患者访问效率对于提高康复患者的生活质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用数据驱动的预测模型分析门诊康复患者的治疗偏好.
- 建立改善患者访问效率和优化康复机构资源配置的模型.
主要方法:
- 收集了来自38个中国机构的4244名患者的数据,使用Python和pandas预处理了68个分类变量和12个连续变量.
- 雇员使用Sikit-learn进行数据分割 (80%的训练,20%的测试),并使用准确度和ROC曲线比较XGBoost,随机森林和后勤回归模型.
- 使用SMOTE来确定类不平衡,混矩阵和优化特征的重要性,以及部分依赖图 (PDP) 来识别关键影响因素.
主要成果:
- XGBoost获得了最高的准确性 (80.21%),超过了随机森林和物流回归,特别是非线性数据.
- 确定了影响患者选择和效率的关键因素:到达设施的距离,到达时间,住院时间和特定情况 (心血管,肺,瘤,骨科).
- 一个分层的诊断和治疗工具在评估患者状况和根据康复分级推适当的医疗机构方面表现出有效性.
结论:
- 集体学习方法,特别是XGBoost,在康复医学中的复杂分类任务中优越.
- 解决数据不平衡和改进特征工程可以进一步提高预测模型的性能.
- 了解患者偏好和影响因素对于医疗保健政策至关重要,以优化资源配置,服务质量和患者满意度.
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