耐力冲刺训练与组合负载提高了在职业女足的最大速度
Carmen Repullo1, Adrián Castaño-Zambudio2, Juan Del Campo-Vecino1
1Education Faculty, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Sports biomechanics
|January 30, 2025
概括
耐力冲刺训练 (RST) 与渐进式雪加载改善了女性足球运动员的最大速度 (MV) 性能. 这种训练提高了冲刺速度,但没有对冲刺动力学产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 运动科学 运动科学 运动科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动分析 人类运动分析
背景情况:
- 最大速度 (MV) 对于足球等运动中的表现至关重要.
- 了解阻力冲刺训练 (RST) 对MV性能和动力学的影响,对于优化训练计划至关重要.
- 之前的研究已经探索了RST,但与组合负荷的长期适应需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 分析耐力冲刺训练 (RST) 与最大速度 (MV) 性能和冲刺动力学上的联合负载的长期适应.
- 评估一个渐进式雪加载程序对专业女足球运动员冲刺表现和生物力学变量的有效性.
主要方法:
- 一个为期六周的阻力冲刺训练 (RST) 计划与渐进式雪负荷 (20%到80%的体重) 实施与一支由女性职业足球运动员组成的团队.
- 冲刺时间 (0-20m,20-30m,0-30m),步长 (SL),步速 (SR),步速和关节/质量中心 (CoM) 角度在训练前,训练后和脱训后进行测量.
- 为了动力学分析,使用了一个18点的人类模型,包括两只腿的脚和触地事件.
主要成果:
- 在加速和最大速度 (MV) 阶段,冲刺时间显著减少,个体反应一致.
- 干部,部,大腿,膝盖,腿部,脚和脚的角度没有显著的变化,也没有步骤速度 (SR).
- 在质量中心 (CoM) 角度和步骤速度,以及步骤长度 (SL) 的增加方面,注意到了显著的改进.
结论:
- 耐力冲刺训练 (RST) 使用渐进的组合负载有效地提高了职业女足球员的最大速度 (MV) 性能.
- 这种训练方法可以提高冲刺表现,而不会对冲刺动力学产生不利的变化.
- 该研究提供了一个可行的RST计划,以提高精英女足运动员的冲刺能力.
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