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双焦,三焦和渐进式添加镜头眼镜佩戴者的跌倒率
Stephen R Lord, Rebecca Ivers1, Ian D Cameron2
1School of Population Health, UNSW, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
概括
与双焦眼镜相比,渐进添加镜头眼镜显著增加了老年人的跌倒风险. 这凸显了对渐进式添加镜片风险和正确使用以防止跌倒的教育的需要.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 多焦眼镜通常用于老年人.
- 之前的研究表明,多焦眼镜可能会增加老年人群的跌倒风险,特别是在楼梯上和新环境中.
- 与特定类型的多焦镜头相关的差异性风险仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 为了调查老年人佩戴双焦,三焦或渐进式添加镜头 (PAL) 眼镜的跌倒率是否不同.
- 分析来自VISIBLE随机对照试验的二次数据.
主要方法:
- 对281名经常佩戴多焦点眼镜的人 (平均年龄为80.3岁) 进行了二次分析,他们有较高的跌倒风险.
- 参与者被分为双焦点 (n=170),三焦点 (n=33) 和渐进式添加镜头 (n=78) 组.
- 评估视力,感觉运动功能,平衡和活动水平,随后进行13个月的跌倒监测.
主要成果:
- 渐进添加镜头佩戴者有较高的多重跌倒发病率 (44.6%) 与双焦镜头佩戴者相比 (31.5%),尽管在统计学上不显著 (p=0.071).
- 在调整了跌倒风险因素后,渐进式添加镜头佩戴者与双焦镜头佩戴者相比,多次跌倒的几率是两倍多的 (OR=2.23,95% CI:1.08-4.58).
结论:
- 渐进添加镜头眼镜似乎比双焦眼镜更多地提高了老年人多次跌倒的风险.
- 潜在的原因包括视觉扭曲和较低视野意识的降低.
- 建议对老年人进行逐步添加透镜眼镜的风险教育,并促进最佳使用,以减轻跌倒风险.
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