相关实验视频

Updated: May 30, 2025

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

RetroSeeker揭示了大量新型逆转移子的特征,表达和演变

Junhong Huang¹, Zhirong Chen¹, Bin Li¹

¹MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China.

Advanced biotechnology

|January 30, 2025

概括

逆转移体,移动的遗传元素,是丰富的,但不太了解. 一个名为retroSeeker的新工具识别了新型的逆转移子,揭示了它们的起源,功能和在整个组织和癌症中的表达模式.

科学领域:

基因组学和分子生物学
生物信息学和计算生物学

背景情况:

逆转移体在动物基因组中普遍存在,占人类基因组的35%以上.
尽管它们的丰富性,但逆转移子的流行,生物发生和功能作用在很大程度上仍未被描述.

研究的目的:

开发一个新的计算工具,RetroSeeker,用于识别和分析新的逆转移子.
研究新发现的逆转移子的生物发生,表达,进化和潜在功能.

主要方法:

开发了RetroSeeker,这是一款利用对对基因组对齐的计算软件.
分析了逆转移素的特征,包括内核酶分裂动机,基因生成潜力和进化模式.
研究了逆转移子的特定组织和癌症类型表达特征.

主要成果:

在大多数新型逆转移体中确定了特定的L1内核酶裂变动机,这些逆转移体通常位于插入点的上游.
发现了通过逆转移产生的潜在功能基因,并发现了与基因素,线粒体和库RNA基因相关的新型逆转移素类.
阐明了特定组织的逆转移素表达,并证明了它们在各种癌症类型中的广泛存在,以及复杂的进化动态和特定物种事件.

结论:

RetroSeeker提供了一个强大的框架,用于在各种物种中发现和表征新型逆转移体.
这项研究揭示了对逆转子生物发生,功能,进化及其对人类健康和疾病,特别是癌症的参与的新见解.

关键词:

进化进化进化进化进化进化进化表达方式表达方式表达新的基因新的基因在反向转换中.组织特异性的组织特异性的组织.

更多相关视频

RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level

RNA Next-Generation Sequencing and a Bioinformatics Pipeline to Identify Expressed LINE-1s at the Locus-Specific Level

Published on: May 19, 2019

Detection of Retrotransposition Activity of Hot LINE-1s by Long-Distance Inverse PCR

Detection of Retrotransposition Activity of Hot LINE-1s by Long-Distance Inverse PCR

Published on: July 27, 2019

相关概念视频

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

Retroviruses

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only Transposons

DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...