盐摄入的"最低建议":多中心试点随机对照试验对高血压患者的结果
Lanfranco D'Elia1, Pasquale Strazzullo2, Antonio Del Giudice3
1Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, ESH Excellence Center of Hypertension, "Federico II" University of Naples Medical School, Via S. Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy. lanfranco.delia@unina.it.
概括
在高血压患者中,由医生领导的简短教育干预显著降低了盐摄入量和血压. 这种饮食教育也增加了的消费,证明了其在控制心血管风险因素方面的有效性.
科学领域:
- 心血管医学 心血管医学
- 临床营养学 临床营养学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 高盐和低摄入量与心血管疾病之间确立的联系.
- 意大利高血压患者表现出低于最佳的盐和消费模式.
- 关于食用盐的知识和行为是相互关联的,这凸显了教育的重要性.
研究的目的:
- 对高血压患者的和摄入量进行简短的,由医生提供的饮食教育干预措施的有效性进行评估.
- 评估单个教育课程对高血压管理的影响.
- 确定短期干预是否可以改变与盐和有关的饮食习惯.
主要方法:
- 一个多中心随机对照试验,涉及230名高血压患者.
- 参与者被分配到教育干预 (EI) 组或控制 (C) 组.
- 测量包括血压,体重和24小时尿液中的 (UrNa) 和 (UrK) 排泄.
主要成果:
- 经过3个月,EI组的血压,UrNa和体重显著降低,UrK增加.
- 对照组的血压下降较小,UrNa略有增加,UrK没有显著变化.
- 血压变化与UrNa变化积极相关,仅在EI组内.
结论:
- 医生的一次简短的教育干预有效降低高血压患者的盐摄入量和血压.
- 这种干预措施还促进了消费的增加,没有任何不良影响.
- 医生主导的饮食教育是改善高血压患者心血管健康的可行策略.
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