美国州级流感住院负担,2022-2023年
Alexia Couture1, A Danielle Iuliano1, Howard H Chang1
1Alexia Couture, A. Danielle Iuliano, Ryan Threlkel, Matthew Gilmer, Alissa O'Halloran, Dawud Ujamaa, Matthew Biggerstaff, and Carrie Reed are with the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Howard H. Chang is with the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA.
American journal of public health
|January 30, 2025
概括
这项研究开发了一种新的监测方法,以估计美国各地的流感住院情况,提供了更详细的了解疾病负担的状态和年龄. 这些发现增强了目前全国范围内的流感负担估计工作.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 生物统计学 生物统计学
背景情况:
- 流感对公共卫生造成重大负担,需要准确估计住院病例.
- 目前的美国流感负担估计方法在细粒度和范围上有局限性.
- 基于医院的监测为改善流感负担评估提供了一个潜在的途径.
研究的目的:
- 开发和验证基于医院的监测方法,用于估计流感相关住院病例.
- 通过提供州,年龄和月度细节来增强当前的美国流感负担估计.
- 提高流感负担估计的准确性和地理分辨率.
主要方法:
- 利用了流感住院监测网络 (FluSurv-NET) 的数据.
- 将住院率推算到非FluSurv-NET州,调整为测试实践和诊断灵敏度.
- 采用贝叶斯层次模型 (Poisson零膨胀与过度分散) 来解释时间和地理变化.
主要成果:
- 估计2022-2023赛季在美国有379,300人因流感住院.
- 报告了广泛的中位数累积州住院率 (每10万人中232到249.0).
- 模型验证通过敏感性分析,融合诊断和与独立数据的比较证实了稳定性.
结论:
- 开发的方法提供了与国家方法相比较的估计,同时捕捉了疾病的时间和地理变化.
- 提供了一个补充框架,用于在更细致的地理尺度上计算流感负担估计.
- 通过提供更详细和本地化的流感住院数据来加强公共卫生监测.
相关概念视频
Vaccinations
43.9K
Overview
43.9K
Steps in Outbreak Investigation
102
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
102
Viral Mutations
32.1K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
32.1K
Viral Recombination
23.2K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
23.2K
Stages of Infection
55.2K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
55.2K


