抑郁和焦虑中的自我作为跨诊断和差异诊断神经标记:系统性审查
Sami George Sabbah1, Georg Northoff2
1Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
|January 30, 2025
概括
自我功能障碍的神经标记显示主要抑郁症 (MDD) 和焦虑症 (AD) 之间存在显著的重叠. 自我作为一个跨诊断标记,有明显的区域差异有助于差异诊断.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 目前对抑郁和焦虑的诊断标准往往忽视了自我干扰.
- 这些疾病的并发症呈现带来了诊断挑战.
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 提供了对神经支的洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 研究与自我相关的神经标记在重大抑郁症 (MDD) 和焦虑症 (AD) 中的跨诊断和差异诊断实用性.
- 确定基于自我的神经模式是否可以帮助区分MDD和AD.
主要方法:
- 系统审查使用fMRI与MDD和AD患者的自我基础任务的研究.
- 分析与自我处理相关的大规模和区域大脑变化.
主要成果:
- 大规模的大脑变化与MDD和AD之间的自我功能障碍相关的重大重叠.
- 区域性大脑变化特定于自我处理,而不是一般的认知功能.
- 大发症主要涉及情感认知处理区域 (例如前带带皮层).
- 阿尔茨海默病涉及与整体感知和情感认知调节相关的前额和岛屿区域.
结论:
- 自我作为MDD和AD的宝贵跨诊断神经标记,揭示了共享的神经地形相似之处.
- 在这些相似之处中,明显的区域神经差异允许在MDD和AD之间进行差异诊断.
- 自基神经标记物对抑郁和焦虑的跨诊断和差异诊断应用都具有相关性.
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