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心血管风险评估:缺少白蛋白尿有助于性别不平等
Patricia de Sequera1, Javier Arias2, Borja Quiroga3
1Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; RICORS2040, Madrid, Spain.
Nefrologia
|January 30, 2025
概括
慢性病 (CKD) 查心血管疾病 (CVD) 风险低于最佳水平,尤其对女性来说. 对于CKD和CVD风险评估至关重要的白尿检测,在高风险人群中很少发生,特别是在女性中.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 心脏病学 心脏病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 显著增加了心血管疾病 (CVD) 的风险.
- 指导方针建议系统地评估心血管疾病风险,包括对患有血管风险因素的个人进行白蛋白尿检测.
研究的目的:
- 评估目前的临床实践,以评估成人医疗保健用户的心血管疾病风险因素,包括白色素尿.
- 分析对CKD和相关心脏病风险的监测和管理中的性别特异性.
主要方法:
- 使用电子健康记录 (EHR) 数据进行的回顾性,观察性,单中心研究.
- 在大量成年人群中对心血管疾病风险因素评估 (血压,白蛋白尿,胆固醇,葡萄糖,肌素) 的分析.
- 数据按性别,年龄和糖尿病或高血压的存在分层.
主要成果:
- 专尿检测仅在1.39%的成年使用者中进行,明显低于其他心血管疾病风险因素 (22.93%-43.21%).
- 测定白蛋白尿是男性比女性更常见的,特别是那些患有糖尿病或高血压的人.
- 在女性中,对CKD和CVD风险的查被发现是不理想的,在各年龄组中观察到一致的性别差异.
结论:
- 专性尿症很少被评估,即使是在高风险患者中,女性的评估显著低估.
- 专尿评估中的性别差异突显出女性的CKD和CVD风险查中的关键差距.
- 目前的临床实践还没有达到在风险人群中全面评估心血管疾病风险的建议指南.
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