与美国和英国儿童相比,狩猎采集儿童的体育活动模式与美国和英国儿童相比
Luke Kretschmer1,2, Mark Dyble3, Nikhil Chaudhary3
1Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Social Research Institute, UCL, London, UK. luke.kretschmer.18@alumni.ucl.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|January 30, 2025
概括
刚果共和国的BaYaka狩猎采集者儿童每天从事超过3小时的中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA),远远超过他们的英国和美国同龄人. 他们的活动水平随着年龄的增长而增加,与美国儿童不同,突出显示了生活方式对儿童活动的影响.
科学领域:
- 人类生物学 人类生物学
- 人类学是人类学.
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 当代的狩猎采集者以高活动水平而闻名,但关于儿童身体活动的数据很少.
- 了解不同儿童环境中的体育活动对公共健康至关重要.
- 贝亚卡社区提供了一个独特的背景来研究儿童的自然活动模式.
研究的目的:
- 量化和比较BaYaka狩猎采集儿童的体力活动水平与工业化国家的体力活动水平.
- 调查BaYaka儿童体育活动中的年龄和性别相关趋势.
- 检查生活方式和正规教育对儿童活动模式和睡眠行为的影响.
主要方法:
- 对刚果共和国51名BaYaka儿童 (3-18岁) 150天加速仪数据的分析.
- 与英国 (千年队列研究) 和美国 (国家健康和营养检查调查) 儿童的数据进行比较.
- 检查日常活动模式,年龄趋势,性别差异和睡眠-觉醒周期.
主要成果:
- 拜雅卡儿童每天完成超过3小时的中度至强度体力活动 (MVPA),超过英国青少年超过70分钟.
- 与美国儿童不同,BaYaka儿童的活动水平随着年龄的增长而增加,不论性别.
- 贝亚卡儿童的活动模式是可变的,与自然光周期同步,与美国儿童的更均模式形成对比,并挑战后工业"青少年年代型".
结论:
- 与工业化环境相比,寻找食物的教育显著促进了儿童的更高和更一致的体力活动.
- 正式教育可能是压制西方社会儿童体育活动水平的一个因素.
- 巴雅卡儿童的活动和睡眠模式为了解自然人类发展和福祉提供了有价值的基准.
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