关于尼日利亚埃博尼州社区最佳 (及时或累积年龄相适应) 常规儿童免疫覆盖率的分析横截面研究

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Ugwu I Omale¹, Cordis O Ikegwuonu², Glory E Nkwo³

¹Department of Community Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital Abakaliki (AEFUTHA), Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. omaleiu@gmail.com.

Scientific reports

|January 30, 2025

概括

最佳的儿童免疫接种可以防止疫苗可以预防的疾病. 在尼日利亚,减少到设施的旅行时间和母亲教育等因素显著预测了儿童及时接种疫苗.

科学领域:

公共卫生公共卫生
流行病学流行病学
儿科儿科儿科

背景情况:

疫苗可预防的传染病 (VPDs) 导致儿童严重的发病率和死亡率.
最佳的常规儿童免疫覆盖率对于预防VPD至关重要.
经常出现的疫情凸显了评估免疫覆盖率及其预测因素的必要性.

研究的目的:

评估尼日利亚埃博尼州的最佳常规儿童免疫覆盖率.
在5-23个月的儿童中确定最佳免疫覆盖率的预测因素.
为改善儿童免疫率的政策和干预提供信息.

主要方法:

在一个集群随机对照试验中进行了基线横截面家庭调查.
收集了1262名5至11个月的儿童和1166名12至23个月的儿童的数据.
多变量通用估计方程被用来分析最佳免疫覆盖率的预测因素.

主要成果:

最佳免疫覆盖率很低:8.6%为5-11个月 (出生至14周) 和2.9%为12-23个月 (出生至9个月).
及时性平均得分分别为79.3%和65.0%.
关键预测因素包括减少前往免疫设施的旅行时间,更高的产妇教育和设施交付.

结论:

低于最佳的常规儿童免疫覆盖需要有针对性的干预措施.
减少前往免疫设施的旅行时间是改善覆盖率的关键因素.
孕产妇教育,设施交付和人口因素也会影响免疫成功.

关键词:

分析的横截面研究.尼日利亚尼日利亚尼日利亚最佳 (及时或累计适合年龄的) 覆盖范围.常规的儿童免疫接种疫苗可以预防的传染病.

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