口服活BCG和热失活的Mycobacterium bovis可以保护野牛免受实验性牛结核病的侵害
Nirajan Niroula1,2, Priya Ghodasara3, Nelson Marreros4,5
1Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada, Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. nirajan.niroula@pc.gc.ca.
Scientific reports
|January 30, 2025
概括
口服活BCG和热失活的M. bovis (HIMB) 疫苗显示出对控制木牛的牛结核病 (BTB) 的前景. 接种BCG疫苗的结果比HIMB更好,病变更少,有潜力将感染者与接种疫苗的动物区分开来.
科学领域:
- 兽医免疫学 兽医免疫学
- 野生动物疾病生态学 野生动物疾病生态学
- 细菌学 细菌学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 由Mycobacterium bovis引起的牛结核病 (BTB) 在伍德布法罗国家公园的木头野牛种群中是特有的.
- BTB威胁着这一具有生态和文化意义的物种,并带来了动物传播和牲畜溢出的风险.
- 严格需要有效的控制策略BTB在WBNP野牛.
研究的目的:
- 确认在实验性挑战的野牛中建立BTB.
- 为了评估口服活BCG和口服热失活M. bovis (HIMB) 的安全性和有效性.
- 评估这些疫苗作为DIVA (区分感染者和接种疫苗的动物) 工具的潜力.
主要方法:
- 年轻的野牛被毒性M. bovis.气溶挑战.
- 通过延迟型过敏症,粗病理学,组织病理学和M. bovis器官负担来监测疾病进展.
- 口服活BCG和HIMB在同类的原始增强方案中进行了管理,以评估疫苗的有效性和安全性.
主要成果:
- 无论BCG和HIMB都提供了对BTB的保护.
- 与HIMB接种的野牛相比,BCG接种的野牛的健康状况改善,肺部病变减少,M. bovis负担降低.
- 口服HIMB诱导了极小的延迟型过敏,而口服BCG诱导了对结核素的极低敏感性,表明了DIVA的潜力.
结论:
- 口服活体BCG和HIMB是控制木头野牛中BTB的潜在候选者.
- 在这项研究中,BCG显示出比HIMB更高的疗效和安全性.
- 观察到的低结核素敏感性表明,这些疫苗可能是野生动物结核病管理的宝贵DIVA工具.
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