低收入和中等收入国家营养分析模型,考虑当地营养挑战:系统性审查
Marie Tassy1,2, Ries van Dijk1,2, Alison L Eldridge2
1Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Current developments in nutrition
|January 31, 2025
概括
营养成分分析模型 (NPMs) 有助于在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 推广营养丰富的食物. 这次审查发现,NPMs因国家而异,重点是减少糖,脂肪和盐或促进必需的微量营养素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 粮食政策 粮食政策
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 面临着微量营养素缺乏,营养不良和超重/肥胖的双重负担.
- 来自西方国家的营养成分分析模型 (NPM) 提供了一个潜在的策略,以促进LMICs中更健康的食物选择.
- 了解LMIC中现有的NPM的应用和有效性,对于应对各种营养挑战至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查政府认可的在LMICs中实施的NPM.
- 评估与特定的国家营养问题有关的这些国家营养计划的关键组成部分.
- 确定NPM如何适应以解决营养不良和营养过剩的问题.
主要方法:
- 对同行评审和灰色文献进行系统的文献审查.
- 在LMICs中确定政府认可的NPM,以促进更健康的成人食品选择.
- 从全球健康数据库中提取NPM指标 (范围,组件,单位,验证) 和相关的营养数据 (营养不良,肥胖,特定缺陷).
主要成果:
- 在16个LMIC中实施了NPM,主要是作为包装前方标签计划.
- 在拉丁美洲的LMICs中使用警告标签来制过度营养,通过不鼓励高能量食品.
- 还采用了"钥匙洞"和"选择"计划,不同的重点是营养限制和促进.
- 在LMIC中,NPM的目标是减少糖,脂肪和盐,并促进微量营养素或有益的食物成分,如纤维.
结论:
- 国家营养计划是促进LMIC中更健康饮食的适应性工具,其设计与当地公共卫生营养优先事项相适应.
- 国家营养计划的实施,包括警告标签和积极信息计划,证明了打击各种形式的营养不良的努力越来越多.
- 需要进一步研究在LMICs中不同NPM的具体影响和优化.
相关概念视频
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
18.6K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
18.6K
Overview of Protein Metabolism
696
Proteins are broken down into amino acids during digestion. Unlike fats and carbohydrates, which are stored for later use, proteins are not. Instead, amino acids are either used to produce ATP through oxidation or contribute to the creation of new proteins for the growth and repair of the body. Any surplus amino acids from the diet are converted into glucose or triglycerides rather than excreted.
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
Amino acids play various roles in the body once they are absorbed into cells. They are restructured...
696
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy
306
Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
306
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Individual and Population Analysis
26
Mechanistic models are utilized in individual analysis using single-source data, but imperfections arise due to data collection errors, preventing perfect prediction of observed data. The mathematical equation involves known values (Xi), observed concentrations (Ci), measurement errors (εi), model parameters (ϕj), and the related function (ƒi) for i number of values. Different least-squares metrics quantify differences between predicted and observed values. The ordinary least...
26

