自然和培养:使得Metanosarcina acetivorans中的形式依赖的生长成为可能
Jichen Bao1, Tejas Somvanshi1, Yufang Tian1
1Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland.
The FEBS journal
|January 31, 2025
概括
现在,Methanosarcinales序列中的甲基生物可以利用甲酸盐生产能量. 研究人员设计了Methanosarcina acetivorans以进行形式依赖的甲基生成,扩大了我们对微生物代谢的理解.
科学领域:
- 微生物的新陈代谢和生物化学
- 考古生物和甲基生成
- 分子生物学和遗传工程分子生物学和遗传工程
背景情况:
- 甲类藻类是代谢多功能古生物,但甲生成的形式利用以前没有被描述.
- 在一些甲类中存在细胞质甲酸脱酶 (FdhAB),这表明甲酸代谢的潜力,可能是通过水平基因转移获得的.
- 了解酸盐的作用对于重新评估甲生成途径和微生物代谢灵活性至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查甲酸盐依赖甲生成 (甲基降解或CO2降解) 在Methanosarcinales中的潜力.
- 为了设计Methanosarcina acetivorans菌株,能够利用形式进行生长.
- 探索新型的新陈代谢途径,用于工程古生物的甲基生成.
主要方法:
- 通过从Methanosarcina barkeri表达甲酸脱酶 (FdhAB) 来设计了两种甲沙辛酸乙子菌株.
- 将fdhAB基因集成到N5-甲基四水sarcinapterin:共酶M甲基转移酶 (mtr) 操作子或F420降解酶 (frh) 操作子中.
- 利用适应性实验室进化,使一种工程菌株能够在形式上生长,作为一种工程菌株中唯一的碳和能量来源.
主要成果:
- 改造的M. acetivorans菌株展示了依赖形式的甲基降解和减少二氧化碳的甲基生成.
- 一种菌株通过减少甲醇,使用来自酸盐的电子来生长,这得益于mtr操作集成.
- 通过frh operon集成和适应性进化设计的第二个菌株,使用形式作为唯一的碳和能量来源实现了生长,这是以前没有报告的甲基生物缺乏细胞染色体的途径.
结论:
- 这项研究证明了Metanosarcina acetivorans的形式依赖性甲基生成,挑战了关于该序列代谢能力的先前假设.
- 设计的途径突出显示了M. acetivorans的代谢可塑性以及新甲生成路径的潜力.
- 这些发现表明,这些工程菌株中减少的铁素可能由Rhodobacter固化复合体反向运行提供,从而提供了对电子转移机制的见解.
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