埃塞俄比亚低出生体重的流行率和决定因素:多层次的元分析和系统审查
Samuel Derbie Habtegiorgis1, Lake Kumlachew2, Adane Tesfaye3
1Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Public health
|January 31, 2025
概括
这项研究发现,在埃塞俄比亚,低出生体重 (LBW) 的患病率为36%,受到母亲年龄,产前护理,妊娠年龄,分娩间隔,怀孕引起的高血压和母亲贫血的影响. 有针对性的干预措施对于改善婴儿健康结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 孕产妇和儿童的健康
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,2015年有2050万名婴儿出生时体重不足,撒哈拉以南非洲和亚洲受到了不成比例的影响.
- 埃塞俄比亚在众多研究中,报告的低出生体重 (LBW) 患病率和相关因素存在显著差异.
- 了解LBW的综合流行率和决定因素对于开发有效的公共卫生干预措施至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 估计埃塞俄比亚低出生体重 (LBW) 的综合患病率.
- 通过多层次的元分析方法确定与LBW相关的关键决定因素.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed/MedLine,Google Scholar和Cochrane数据库 (2018年1月 - 2024年5月) 中进行了全面的文献搜索.
- 使用R (版本4.4.0) 与隐喻包一起使用了三级随机效应元分析模型.
- 使用限制最大概率方法来解释数据的嵌套结构,研究嵌套在集群中.
主要成果:
- 低出生体重 (LBW) 的综合患病率估计为36% (95% CI: 0.32-0.39; p < 0.0001).
- 差异组件表明3级 (5.13%) 和2级 (92.30%) 的异质性很大.
- 重要的决定因素包括母亲的年龄 (OR:2.46),产前护理 (ANC) 随访 (OR:3.00),妊娠年龄 (OR:9.68),分娩间隔 (OR:3.97),妊娠引起的高血压 (OR:2.83),以及母亲的贫血 (OR:3.32).
结论:
- 该研究强调,埃塞俄比亚的低出生体重 (LBW) 负担很大,总体患病率为36%.
- 确定的关键因素包括母亲的年龄,ANC出席率,妊娠年龄,分娩间隔,怀孕引起的高血压和母亲的贫血.
- 促进良好的孕产妇营养,适当的产前护理和环境卫生的干预措施对于实现全球营养目标至关重要.
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