在近百岁和没有痴呆症的百岁老人中,结构性损伤驱动的大脑补偿
Hui Tang1, Haichao Zhao2, Hao Liu1
1Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, International Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
NeuroImage
|January 31, 2025
概括
在非常老年时,增强的大脑功能连接可能会补偿白质损伤,保持认知功能. 这项研究发现,在百岁老人中,大脑脱节和认知能力之间存在正相关性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知老龄化 认知老龄化
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
背景情况:
- 建议使用补偿机制来解释在老年时保持认知能力的原因.
- 功能连接性增加是已知的与年龄相关的白质损伤补偿机制.
- 在非常老年人群中缺乏对这些机制的直接研究.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究功能连接,认知保存和近百岁和百岁的人的白质损伤之间的关系.
- 探索结构性大脑断裂如何与在极端老年时保持认知功能有关.
主要方法:
- 研究了一组44名年龄在95-103岁之间的没有痴呆症的个人.
- 基于破坏白质通路的白质超强度 (WMHs) 构建了一个结构性断开矩阵.
- 分析了结构损伤,功能连接模式和认知表现之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 结构性脑损伤可靠地解释了功能连接和认知维护的变化.
- 在大脑断开连接模型和认知功能之间观察到显著的正相关性.
- 最强的相关性包括注意力和体力运动网络 (SMN),记忆和SMN,流性和视觉 (VIS) 控制网络 (CN),语言和VIS,视觉空间能力和VIS默认模式网络 (DMN),以及全球认知和VIS-DMN.
结论:
- 增强的功能连接似乎是一种减轻白质损伤影响的补偿机制.
- 这种补偿机制有助于在老年时保持认知能力.
- 研究结果强调了大脑在维持认知功能方面的适应能力,尽管与衰老相关的结构变化.
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