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我们是否捕捉到了个体差异? 评估用于测量社会认知能力的实验任务的测试复试可靠性

Charlotte R Pennington¹, Kayley Birch-Hurst^2,3, Matthew Ploszajski^3,4

¹School of Psychology, College of Health & Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK. c.pennington@aston.ac.uk.

Behavior research methods

|January 31, 2025

概括

这项研究评估了常见的社会认知任务的测试-重新测试可靠性. 结果显示出显著的差异,一些任务在评估个人在社会认知的差异方面可靠性不佳.

科学领域:

心理学心理学心理学
认知神经科学认知神经科学

背景情况:

社会认知技能对于人际关系,健康和福祉至关重要.
有许多实验任务来测量各种社会认知技能,包括自动模仿,情感识别,同理心,视角采用和群体间偏见.
在这些任务中经常看到的低变异性可能会使它们在对个体差异的相关研究中的使用变得复杂.

研究的目的:

评估用于测量社会认知的常用实验任务的测试-重新测试可靠性.
确定这些任务是否适用于评估社会认知的个体差异.

主要方法:

一百五十名参与者完成了几个社会认知任务:种族暗示关联测试 (r-IAT),刺激反应兼容性 (SRC) 任务,情绪去/不去 (eGNG) 任务,点视角 (DPT) 任务和情感同情状态 (SAE) 任务.
参与者还完成了人际反应指数 (IRI) 和明确偏见 (EB) 的措施.
在三周间隔的两次会议中进行了评估,以估计使用类内相关系数 (ICC) 的测试-重新测试可靠性.

主要成果:

测试-重新测试可靠性估计在任务之间差异很大.
情感去/不去 (eGNG) 任务表现出良好的可靠性 (ICC = 0.630.69),而情感同情状态 (SAE) 任务表现出中等到良好的可靠性 (ICC = 0.560.77).
种族隐性关联测试 (r-IAT) 的可靠性中等 (ICC = 0.49),点视角测试 (DPT) 任务显示可靠性差至好 (ICC = 0.240.60),刺激响应兼容性 (SRC) 任务显示可靠性差 (ICC = 0.090.29).
自我报告的指标,即人际反应指数 (IRI) 和明确偏见 (EB),显示出良好至优秀的可靠性 (ICC = 0.700.83).

结论:

评估社会认知的实验任务在测试复试可靠性方面存在很大差异.
虽然一些任务看起来很有前途,但其他任务可能不足以准确地测量社会认知的个体差异.
使用这些实验措施进行个人差异研究的研究人员应优先评估和报告他们选择的任务的测试-检测可靠性.

关键词:

点点点的视角-采取任务任务.情感上的去/不去任务实验性的社会认知.显而易见的偏见是明确的偏见.隐含关联测试隐含关联测试个人差异个人差异人际反应性指数的人际反应性指数国家情感共感任务.刺激反应任务兼容性任务兼容性测试反测试可靠性的可靠性

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