预计外部内存支持成本识别内存吗?
Megan O Kelly1, Batul Karimjee2, April E Pereira2
1Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada. megan.kelly@princeton.edu.
Memory & cognition
|January 31, 2025
概括
依靠外部记忆辅助器件,如手机,可以轻微损害无助识别记忆,特别是回忆. 这种效应部分是由于在等待支持时学习时间减少.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 人与计算机的交互
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
背景情况:
- 个人经常将认知任务,特别是记忆,卸载给数字设备和笔记本电脑等外部工具.
- 之前的研究表明,在意外丢失外部记忆支持时,无助记忆会产生性能成本,主要研究的是自由回忆任务.
研究的目的:
- 调查预期外部内存支持对识别内存性能的影响.
- 探索回忆和识别记忆范式之间的这些影响的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 进行了五项预先注册的实验,以检查预期外部记忆辅助器对识别记忆的影响.
- 记忆性能,特别是识别和回忆,在有或没有预期的外部支持的情况下进行了评估.
- 测量了研究努力,包括研究时间,以了解其在外部支持期望和记忆结果之间的关系中的调解作用.
主要成果:
- 当预计需要外部内存支持时,观察到对无助识别内存的一小但显著的成本.
- 这种成本在回忆中特别明显 (实验2,3a,3b),这表明它对回忆检索过程有着有针对性的影响.
- 缩短的学习时间部分调解了预期支持和记忆表现之间的观察到的关系,与自由回忆研究的发现保持一致.
结论:
- 预计使用外部记忆辅助工具会对无助识别记忆产生成本,特别是回忆,并且与学习参与度的减少有关.
- 个人往往低估了与依赖和随后失去预期的外部内存支持在识别任务中相关的内存成本.
- 研究结果强调了外部记忆工具,认知卸载和无助记忆功能的完整性之间的复杂相互作用.
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