基于声信号的风力轮机叶片损坏检测
Chenchen Yang1,2, Shaohu Ding3,4, Guangsheng Zhou1,2
1College of Electrical and Information Engineering, North MinZu University, Yinchuan, 750021, China.
Scientific reports
|January 31, 2025
概括
这项研究使用了一种新的声源分离模型与光谱减法相结合,以改善风力轮机叶片结构健康监测. 先进的无声化有效地识别了操作声音中的损坏引起的异常.
科学领域:
- 声学和信号处理
- 机械工程和结构健康监测
- 人工智能和机器学习
背景情况:
- 风力轮机叶片尺寸的增加需要先进的结构健康监测技术.
- 来自风力轮机的操作噪声包含了评估叶片完整性的宝贵信息.
- 传统的光谱减法方法面临的挑战是轮机声信号中的极端噪声水平.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究预训练的声音源分离神经网络与风力轮机声音信号消噪的光谱减法相结合的有效性.
- 为了比较通过光谱减去单独处理的信号的时间频率表示与联合源分离和光谱减去方法.
- 评估ResNet50深度残留神经网络的性能,以使用从denoised信号中提取的特征来检测损伤.
主要方法:
- 获取风力轮机声信号,包括风,气动和机械噪声.
- 应用预训练的声音源分离神经网络来隔离机械噪声和背景风噪声.
- 使用传统的光谱减法和联合源分离-光谱减法方法处理信号,然后进行短时间里埃转换 (STFT) 分析.
- 使用Mel-scale频率 Cepstral 系数 (MFCC) 来创建正常和异常条件的训练和测试数据集的特征提取.
- 使用ResNet50深度残留神经网络模型检测损伤.
主要成果:
- 与单独的光谱减去相比,联合的源分离和光谱减去方法产生了更详细的时间频率图.
- 拟议的无声化方法有效地减少了风力轮机声信号中的噪音,提高了因叶片损坏而引起的异常声音的识别.
- ResNet50模型在损坏检测方面取得了高准确性,训练集准确度为0.926至0.965,测试集准确度为0.869至0.931. 95%的置信区间.
结论:
- 将声源分离神经网络与光谱减法集成是消除风力轮机运行声音信号的高效策略.
- 这种先进的无雾化技术显著提高了通过声学监测检测风力轮机叶片结构异常的能力.
- 这项研究表明了人工智能驱动的声学分析对于可靠和高效的风力轮机结构健康监测的潜力.
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