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相关概念视频

The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
Aging01:26

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
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Alzheimer disease involves structural changes in the brain that begin long before symptoms appear. The most distinctive features are extracellular neuritic plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles.Neuritic plaques form in the cerebral cortex and around blood vessels. These plaques contain a dense core of beta-amyloid (Aβ)—a toxic protein fragment that clumps outside neurons. The core is surrounded by damaged neuronal extensions, as well as reactive astrocytes and microglia. Abnormal...
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Parkinson disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement, with additional non-motor features. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, and cellular dysfunction, including dopaminergic neuron loss, protein aggregation, and mitochondrial impairment.Selective NeurodegenerationA key feature is the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduced...

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渐进性多发性硬化症中的加速细胞衰老:一个组织病理学研究

Dimitrios Papadopoulos1,2,3, Roberta Magliozzi4,5, Sara Bandiera5

  • 1School of Medicine, European University, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Annals of neurology
|February 1, 2025
PubMed
概括

细胞衰老 (CS) 存在于渐进性多发性硬化症 (P-MS) 病变中,并与更快的疾病进展有关. 在P-MS中确定CS为神经退行症提供了新的治疗点.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学是一个神经科学.
  • 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
  • 细胞生物学 细胞生物学

背景情况:

  • 导致渐进性多发性硬化症 (P-MS) 障碍的神经退行机制尚不完全理解.
  • 新出现的证据表明细胞衰老 (CS) 在神经退行性疾病中.
  • 这项研究调查了P-MS中CS的存在和模式.

研究的目的:

  • 为了调查进展性多发性硬化症 (P-MS) 中细胞衰老 (CS) 的证据.
  • 确定CS在P-MS病变中的分布和细胞起源.
  • 为了将CS标志物与疾病进展和临床结果相关联.

主要方法:

  • 使用了P-MS患者和健康对照的尸检材料.
  • 在白质病变 (WMLs),正常出现的白质 (NAWM) 和灰质 (NAGM) 中使用标志物53BP1,p16和脂素评估细胞衰老 (CS).
  • 在脑脊液 (CSF) 中量化了老化相关的分泌表型 (SASP) 因素,并与老化细胞标志物相关联.

主要成果:

  • 与对照组相比,在P-MS白质病变 (WMLs) 和灰质病变 (GMLs) 中发现了显著增加的p16+和lipofuscin+细胞.
  • 细胞衰老 (CS) 在神经元,星球细胞,寡细胞,微质细胞和病变内的巨细胞中被确定.
  • 在P-MS中,较高的衰老细胞数与使用轮椅的更快进展和死亡率的增加相关.

结论:

  • 细胞衰老 (CS) 是渐进性多发性硬化症 (P-MS) 激活脱髓化病变的一个突出特征.
  • 在P-MS中衰老细胞的负担与加速的疾病进展和较差的临床结果有关.
  • 这些发现凸显了CS作为P-MS的潜在治疗点.