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儿童的户外时间和多项运动参与预测了三年后的运动能力

Nanne-Mari Luukkainen¹, Arto Laukkanen¹, Donna Niemistö¹

¹Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland.

Journal of sports sciences

|February 1, 2025

概括

儿童早期有组织的体育运动和户外游戏显著促进了儿童的运动技能发展. 这些活动独立地提高了基本的运动技能和对象控制能力的中年儿童.

科学领域:

儿童发展儿童发展
运动学习是指运动学习.
身体活动研究身体活动研究

背景情况:

运动能力 (MC) 对儿童的身体和认知发展至关重要.
幼儿期的体力活动 (PA) 与晚期的运动技能的学习有关.
了解有组织和非有组织PA的不同角色对于促进最佳儿童发展至关重要.

研究的目的:

纵向研究儿童早期有组织和无组织的体育活动如何预测儿童中期运动能力.
研究体育参与和户外时间对儿童运动技能的独立和互动影响.

主要方法:

一项纵向研究,对627名儿童 (3-11岁) 进行集群随机抽样.
守护者调查问卷评估了有组织的体育参与和非有组织的PA (户外时间) 在两个时间点.
运动能力是用运动机动 (LMS) 和物体控制 (OCS) 技能,基本运动技能 (FMS) 和横向跳跃 (JS) 测试来衡量的.

主要成果:

在T1的多项运动参与预测了在T2更高的LMS,OCS,FMS和JS (R2=16.4%23.5%).
在T1的周日户外时间预测女孩的JS,OCS和FMS更高 (R2 = 8.4%14.5%).
在运动参与和户外时间之间没有发现对运动能力的显著相互作用效应.

结论:

参与有组织的体育运动独立地提高了从幼儿到中年儿童的运动能力的多个方面.
非有组织的体育活动,特别是户外活动,也起着重要作用,特别是对于女孩的运动技能发展.
有组织的和无组织的体育活动对于促进儿童的运动发育至关重要.

关键词:

运动能力运动能力童年的童年童年的童年多项运动多项运动.有组织的体育运动.户外时间户外时间

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