在有或没有注意力缺陷/多动障碍的青少年中特征正念
John T Mitchell1, Naomi O Davis1, Jessica R Lunsford-Avery1
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
Research in developmental disabilities
|February 1, 2025
概括
患有注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的青少年表现出较低的特征正念,特别是在有意识地行动时. 这一特征与ADHD症状和相关挑战相反相关,这表明基于正念的干预措施具有潜在的益处.
科学领域:
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 临床心理学 临床心理学
背景情况:
- 基于正念的干预措施 (MBI) 旨在增强特征正念,可能改善临床结果.
- 较低的特征正念与注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 等疾病有关.
- 之前的研究还没有完全探索特征正念与ADHD相关的特定方面,超出了青少年的核心症状.
研究的目的:
- 在患有或没有ADHD的青少年中研究特征正念,包括其各个方面.
- 检查特征正念与青少年的ADHD症状和相关特征之间的关系.
- 确定正念的特定方面,这些方面可能特别适用于患有多动症的青少年.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及被诊断患有ADHD的青少年和非ADHD对照组的比较研究.
- 在两组中评估ADHD症状和相关特征.
- 对所有青少年参与者进行特征正念测量.
主要成果:
- 与非ADHD组相比,患有ADHD的青少年在整体特征正念方面的得分明显较低.
- 特征正念与ADHD症状和几个相关特征相反相关.
- 正念,特别是"以意识行动",与ADHD症状,认知脱节,执行功能缺陷和睡眠障碍有相反的关系.
结论:
- 患有多动症的青少年表现出较低的特征正念水平,特别是在"以意识行动"方面.
- 较低的特征正念与ADHD症状严重程度和相关挑战的增加有关.
- 研究结果支持为患有多动症的青少年开发量身定制的MBI,针对他们的特定正念缺陷.
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