在人脑成像中对自动和半自动MRI细分的范围审查
1Faculty of Science and Health, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia.
Radiography (London, England : 1995)
|February 1, 2025
概括
大脑MRI中的AI细分增强了用于疾病诊断和大脑年龄预测的神经图像. 虽然强大,标准化和伦理方面的挑战需要进一步关注临床整合.
科学领域:
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
背景情况:
- 基于AI的细分显著提高了脑MRI的准确性和效率.
- 这些技术对于诊断神经退行性疾病,分类精神疾病和预测大脑年龄至关重要.
- 本综述侧重于大脑MRI中的自动和半自动细分工具,用于健康和临床人群.
研究的目的:
- 为了合成当前基于人工智能的脑MRI细分方法.
- 在健康和临床人群中确定关键趋势和应用.
- 突出现有的差距在使用这些先进的细分工具.
主要方法:
- 根据Arksey和O'Malley的框架和PRISMA-ScR指南进行范围审查.
- 在六个数据库中搜索了2014-2024年关于AI大脑细分的研究.
- 包括对健康人群,神经退行性疾病和精神疾病的研究;不包括评论和非人类研究.
主要成果:
- 32项研究利用了人工智能模型 (例如,CNN) 和像FreeSurfer这样的工具进行细分.
- 人工智能模型在预测大脑年龄,疾病分类和亚型化方面显示出高准确度.
- 纵向和多模式研究 (MRI,fMRI,PET) 改善了疾病跟踪和诊断精度.
结论:
- 人工智能细分为个性化大脑健康和早期诊断提供可扩展的神经成像解决方案.
- 挑战包括标准化,通用性和广泛采用的伦理考虑.
- 负责任的整合需要改进模型的解释性,标准化的协议和明确的患者同意流程.
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