大规模的数字表型化:在英国一般人口中识别抑郁和焦虑指标,参与者超过10,000人
Yuezhou Zhang1, Callum Stewart1, Yatharth Ranjan1
1Department of Biostatistics & Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Journal of affective disorders
|February 1, 2025
概括
数字表型测试显示,它有望在一般人群中检测抑郁和焦虑. 可穿戴数据与机器学习相结合,可以准确预测心理健康严重程度,有助于早期查.
科学领域:
- 数字健康数字健康
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 可穿戴技术是可穿戴的技术.
背景情况:
- 数字表型化为心理健康管理提供了一种具有成本效益的方法.
- 之前关于心理健康数字表型的研究往往由于人口较小或特定而缺乏概括性.
研究的目的:
- 调查数字表型化用于抑郁症和焦虑症检测的普遍性.
- 在大量的一般人群中使用可穿戴数据识别抑郁和焦虑的行为指标.
- 评估机器学习模型在预测心理健康严重性的有效性.
主要方法:
- 对10129名英国普通人口参与者的横截面分析 (2020年6月至2022年8月).
- 通过研究应用程序收集可穿戴 (Fitbit) 和自我报告的心理健康数据.
- 使用无监督集群用于行为模式识别和XGBoost用于预测建模.
主要成果:
- 在抑郁/焦虑严重程度和情绪,人口统计,睡眠,体力活动和心率之间发现了显著的关联.
- 较低的体力活动和更高的心率与更严重的症状相关.
- 结合所有数据类型的机器学习模型实现了最好的预测性能 (R2=0.41对于抑郁症,R2=0.31对于焦虑症).
结论:
- 数字表型化和机器学习显示出在一般人群中快速查精神障碍的潜力.
- 确定了关键指标,将可穿戴设备数据与抑郁和焦虑联系起来.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间从数据收集中确认了潜在的偏见.
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