无证移民面临的血液透析启动所面临的挑战
Cynthia A Ramazani1, Emma Rooney2, Katherine Bombly3
1Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA.
Journal of vascular surgery
|February 1, 2025
概括
患有末期病的无证移民面临延迟的科和血管接入护理,导致中央静脉导管 (CVC) 使用量增加和并发症. 早些时候转诊为动脉静脉接入 (AVA) 创建可以防止这些可避免的问题.
科学领域:
- 腎臟病學 (nephrology) 是一種醫學專業.
- 血管外科 血管外科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 无证移民的血液透析 (HD) 护理在美国面临重大挑战.
- 获得及时的医疗评估和外科手术对于末期病患者至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较无证移民的科和血管外科护理的及时性,ESRD与有证据的患者相比.
- 为了评估患有HD的非法移民患者的导管相关并发症.
主要方法:
- 从2012年至2018年进行首次动脉静脉接入 (AVA) 创建的患者的回顾性图表分析.
- 记录和未记录患者之间的结局的比较.
- 在未登记的群体中进行子组分析,比较中央静脉导管 (CVC) 依赖与向AVA过渡 (CAV组).
主要成果:
- 与有文件的患者相比,未登记的患者延迟了脏学和血管外科对AVA生成的评估.
- 较高比例的未登记的患者开始了HD的CVC (90.3%vs66.7%).
- 不依赖CVC的无证患者经历了更多的导管相关并发症 (72.5%),而不是那些过渡到AVA (45.9%).
结论:
- 获得医疗保健的限制导致ESRD无证移民的护理显著延迟,增加对透析启动的CVC的依赖.
- 在这个人群中,高率的CVC相关并发症是可以避免的,如果更早地转诊,以创建适当的AVA.
- 及时的血管接入干预对于改善无证ESRD患者的治疗结果至关重要.
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