针对癌症诊断的医疗保健应用中的人工智能-第一部分:数据结构,预处理和数据组织
Anna Luíza Damaceno Araújo1, Marcelo Sperandio2, Giovanna Calabrese3
1Head and Neck Surgery Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil.
Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology and oral radiology
|February 1, 2025
概括
高质量的医疗数据集对于疾病诊断中的机器学习至关重要. 本综述强调了数据构建和图像数据组织方面的挑战,强调了严格数据采集和预处理的必要性.
科学领域:
- 医学成像分析 医学成像分析
- 医疗保健中的机器学习
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 机器学习 (ML) 显示出疾病诊断和预后的前景.
- 机器学习的成功取决于严格的数据采集,预处理和组织.
研究的目的:
- 审查医学应用中的ML数据集构建的关键因素.
- 专注于数据结构,预处理和对成像数据的组织.
主要方法:
- 文献审查评估数据集构建因素.
- 在医学成像中分析数据结构,预处理和组织.
主要成果:
- 常见的数据构建问题包括噪音,稀疏性,有限可用性,代表性和不平衡.
- 预处理为模型准备数据;组织提高模型性能.
- 复杂的卷积神经网络 (CNN) 并不是所有分类任务的普遍最佳.
结论:
- 整合卫生科学和生物医学工程知识,用于口腔医学和病理学中的ML.
- 提高医疗保健专业人员对ML用于图像分析的理解.
- 鼓励专业人员参与患者招募和数据采集,以获得可靠的数据集.
相关概念视频
Issues And Trends In Healthcare Delivery System
5.6K
The issues and trends in healthcare delivery are constantly changing. The COVID-19 pandemic is one recent issue that wreaked havoc on healthcare systems, causing a shortage of healthcare workers, high demand for medicines and supplies, and increased medical expenditure due to a lack of insurance. Other issues include rising healthcare costs and care fragmentation.
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
Cost Containment
Payment for healthcare services has historically promoted adoption of costly and often unnecessary or inefficient...
5.6K
Cancer Survival Analysis
321
Cancer survival analysis focuses on quantifying and interpreting the time from a key starting point, such as diagnosis or the initiation of treatment, to a specific endpoint, such as remission or death. This analysis provides critical insights into treatment effectiveness and factors that influence patient outcomes, helping to shape clinical decisions and guide prognostic evaluations. A cornerstone of oncology research, survival analysis tackles the challenges of skewed, non-normally...
321
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
4.8K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
4.8K


