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医生在加拿大死亡医疗援助 (MAiD) 和取消维持生命治疗之间的道德区别:一种定性描述性研究
Midori Matthew1, Kieran Bonner2, Andrew Stumpf3
1Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. matthm14@mcmaster.ca.
BMC medical ethics
|February 1, 2025
概括
医生们发现医疗协助死亡 (MAiD) 在道德上相当于取消维持生命治疗 (WLT),尽管存在生物伦理上的区别. 他们的生活经历凸显了生命末期护理辩论中理论和实践之间的断裂.
科学领域:
- 生物伦理学生物伦理学
- 医疗法 法律 医疗法
- 临床实践 临床实践
背景情况:
- 死亡医疗辅助 (MAiD) 在2015年在加拿大合法化,但在伦理上仍然存在争议.
- 生物伦理学文献经常将MAiD与取消维持生命治疗 (WLT) 区分开来,但忽视了临床医生的经验.
- 本研究探讨了为提供MAiD和WLT的医生提供生物伦理框架的临床实用性.
研究的目的:
- 探索医生与死亡医疗辅助 (MAiD) 和取消维持生命治疗 (WLT) 的第一手经验.
- 评估当代生物伦理学对医生的临床有用性.
- 确定理论上的生物伦理辩论与生命终端护理中的实际现实之间的差距.
主要方法:
- 使用半结构面试对21名医生进行定性描述方法.
- 对面试成绩单进行主题分析,以识别医生观点中的模式和差异.
- 探讨医生对MAiD和WLT道德区别和实用性的看法.
主要成果:
- 医生认为MAiD和WLT在道德上是相当的,尽管有实践差异.
- 关于MAiD与WLT的道德等价性存在共识,重点是减轻痛苦.
- 关于"杀戮"一词的分歧;生物伦理辩论和临床实践之间的分歧被确定.
结论:
- 生物伦理学家必须与临床医生和患者进行理论辩论,以便在终身护理中具有实际实用性.
- 理论上的生物伦理讨论脱离了绝症现实并没有帮助医生.
- 纳入提供者的实践经验对于围绕MAiD和WLT的有影响力的生物伦理话语和卫生政策至关重要.
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