青春期的遗漏偏见:对道德,意向和因果关系的不对称感知
Yanwei Wang1, Jiaxuan Zhao2, Yanjie Su1
1School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Machine Perception (Ministry of Education), Peking University, Beijing, Beijing, China.
Journal of adolescence
|February 2, 2025
概括
遗漏偏见,人们更能容忍不采取行动而不是采取行动,在青春期加强. 这种道德判断与个人如何感知因果关系有关,而不是故意关系.
科学领域:
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 道德心理学道德心理学
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 人类表现出遗漏偏见,在结果相似时,对遗漏表现出更大的容忍度,而不是当结果相似时的佣金.
- 虽然在成年人中记录了遗漏偏差,但其从青春期到成年早期的发展轨迹尚不清楚.
- 这项研究调查了青少年在委托和遗漏场景中对道德,故意和因果关系的看法.
研究的目的:
- 检查从青春期早期到年轻成年期在道德判断中遗漏偏差的发展.
- 探索感知道德,意向和因果关系在塑造遗漏偏差中的作用.
- 为了识别与年龄相关的差异,对佣金和遗漏的看法.
主要方法:
- 从中国的初中,高中和大学招募了730名12-21岁的参与者.
- 雇员 a 2 (行为:委托,遗漏) × 4 (年龄:早期,中期,晚期青少年,年轻人) × 2 (结果:伤害,无伤害) ANOVA.
- 评估参与者对委托和遗漏场景的道德性,故意性和因果关系的评价.
主要成果:
- 晚期青少年和年轻人认为委托比省略更不道德.
- 这种道德判断与这些年龄组对因果关系的不对称感知有关.
- 即使在青春期早期,对意图的不对称感知也存在,独立于遗漏偏见.
结论:
- 遗漏偏差在青春期中后期变得越来越明显.
- 对因果关系的看法似乎是影响道德判断中遗漏偏差的一个重要因素.
- 研究结果强调了青春期认知因素和道德推理之间的发展相互作用.
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