与医疗保健相关的COVID-19感染和死亡率
P Langlete1, H-M Eriksen-Volle1, T Hessevik Paulsen2
1Department of Infection Control and Preparedness, National Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
The Journal of hospital infection
|February 2, 2025
概括
与卫生保健相关的COVID-19感染 (HAI) 与社区相关的感染 (CAI) 相比,显著增加死亡风险. 疫苗接种对于降低COVID-19住院患者的死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 量化与医疗保健相关的COVID-19感染 (HAI) 及其死亡影响对于评估感染预防和控制 (IPC) 策略至关重要.
- 了解HAI的负担对于医疗保健政策和患者安全至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查挪威住院患者中与HAI相关的发病率和死亡率.
- 为了比较HAI和社区相关的COVID-19感染 (CAI) 之间的死亡率.
主要方法:
- 一项基于登记册的回顾性研究,利用挪威 (2019-2023) 国家卫生数据.
- 包括54,885例COVID-19病例,其中1188例符合HAI定义 (阳性SARS-CoV-2检测≥住院7天后).
- 匹配分析将742名HAI患者与2583名CAI患者进行比较,使用Cox回归来评估365天死亡率.
主要成果:
- HAI患者的死亡率始终高于CAI患者,感染后不久观察到的最大差异.
- 接种疫苗状态显著降低了所有原因和COVID-19特定死亡率的风险.
- HAI对死亡率的影响在Omicron变种阶段特别明显.
结论:
- 与医疗保健相关的COVID-19感染导致的死亡率高于与社区相关的感染相比,特别是在特定的流行病阶段.
- 疫苗接种是减少HAI和CAI患者死亡风险的关键干预措施.
- 强有力的IPC措施和广泛的疫苗接种对于减轻医疗保健机构中HAI的不良影响至关重要.
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