哈米特人种族理论和非洲牛的分类,1868年至1971年
1Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Annals of science
|February 2, 2025
概括
欧洲人对非洲牛品种的想法在历史上与非洲人民的种族分类有关. 本研究探讨了牛品种研究如何影响种族观念和挑战历史前提.
科学领域:
- 农业历史 农业历史
- 人类学是人类学.
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 欧洲殖民时代的人类学将非洲牛种与种族理论联系起来,特别是哈米特理论.
- 非洲牛品种的分类与人类迁徙和种族观念的研究交织在一起.
- 赫尔穆特·爱斯坦 (Hellmut Epstein) 等学术工作加强了这种观点,即阿弗里坎德牛品种象征着非洲古老的白人文化影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析欧洲种族理论与非洲牛品种的分类之间的历史联系.
- 调查牛种的研究如何影响殖民非洲的种族观念.
- 检查西非对非洲牛的历史分类进行比较所带来的挑战.
主要方法:
- 从19世纪末开始对欧洲人类学和科学文学进行历史分析.
- 检查与人类迁移相关的来源,并将其应用于牛品种起源.
- 案例研究侧重于Afrikander牛品种及其在哈米特理论背景下的解释.
- 使用西非证据对牛品种分类的比较分析.
主要成果:
- 欧洲人对非洲牛品种的想法深深植根于种族分类和哈米特理论中.
- 人类学显著塑造了非洲牛历史的重建,而牛研究影响了种族观念.
- 历史上,阿弗里坎德犬种被解释为非洲古代白人文化传播的证据.
- 来自西非的证据出现了,与非洲牛品种分类的种族化的历史前提相矛盾.
结论:
- 非洲牛种的分类历史上取决于种族偏见和人类学理论.
- 牛品种的研究是加强和挑战种族意识形态的工具.
- 重新思考非洲牛史需要超越殖民时代的种族框架,并纳入各种区域证据.
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