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相关概念视频

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

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The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
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Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

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Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
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Mechanism of Ciliary Motion01:05

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The ciliary structures were first seen in 1647 by Antonie Leeuwenhoek while observing the protozoans. In lower organisms, these appendages are responsible for cell movement, while in higher organisms, these appendages help in the movement of the extracellular fluids within the body cavities.
The cilia are made up of microtubules in a 9+2 arrangement, with nine microtubule doublet ring bundles, surrounding a pair of central singlet microtubule bundles. The doublet microtubule bundles are...
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Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
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Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

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The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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相关实验视频

Updated: May 29, 2025

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
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嗅觉功能障碍在初级状腺功能障碍中.

Zainab Farzal1, Kelli M Sullivan2, Maimoona A Zariwala2,3

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA.

OTO open
|February 3, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

患有原发性纤毛功能障碍 (PCD) 的人经历了显著的嗅觉功能障碍,随着年龄的增长,嗅觉识别能力下降. 这项研究突出显示,与对照组相比,PCD患者的嗅觉丧失的患病率和程度更高.

关键词:
慢性犀牛鼻炎 慢性鼻炎运动性障碍 运动性障碍主要的状动力障碍症.

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科学领域:

  • 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科 耳鼻喉科
  • 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
  • 肺部病理学 肺部病理学

背景情况:

  • 原发性纤毛功能障碍 (PCD) 是一种影响纤毛功能的遗传疾病.
  • 嗅觉功能障碍在PCD中经常被报告,但记录不够丰富.
  • 了解PCD中的嗅觉缺陷对于全面的患者护理至关重要.

研究的目的:

  • 描述PCD患者嗅觉功能障碍的流行程度和严重程度.
  • 为了将PCD患者的嗅觉功能与年龄和性别匹配的对照进行比较.
  • 调查特定PCD基因与嗅觉障碍之间的潜在关联.

主要方法:

  • 在高等推中心进行了前性队列研究.
  • 宾夕法尼亚大学的气味识别测试 (UPSIT) 对29名患有PCD的人进行了测试.
  • PCD参与者与2170名年龄和性别匹配的对照人群进行了比较,分为三个年龄组.

主要成果:

  • 只有27.6%的PCD患者的嗅觉识别得分正常 (normmosmia).
  • 所有年龄组的PCD患者的UPSIT分数明显低于对照组 (P < .0001).
  • 在PCD患者中,嗅觉功能障碍随着年龄的增长而恶化,从轻度到重度的低血.

结论:

  • 与对照人群相比,患有PCD的个体表现出明显更高的嗅觉功能障碍的流行和程度.
  • 这项研究是首次报告PCD患者的嗅觉功能与年龄相关的下降.
  • 与内侧肌膜臂/微管管失调相关的CCDC39基因与更严重的嗅觉功能障碍有关.