糖尿病外围神经病变患者的足部查和定制健康教育计划:由护士领导的现实世界观察研究
Shuhong Liu1, Hexiao Ding1, Dandan Li1
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology & Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Mechanistic and Translational Obesity Research, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 600, Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China.
International journal of nursing studies advances
|February 3, 2025
概括
护士主导的足部查和定制健康教育 (FSCHE) 在中国糖尿病患者中显著降低了糖尿病外围神经病变 (DPN) 的患病率和住院治疗. 这种方法在管理DPN及其风险因素方面被证明比常规护理更有效.
科学领域:
- 糖尿病学 糖尿病学
- 神经学 神经学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 糖尿病外围神经病变 (DPN) 影响50%的糖尿病患者,可能导致严重的并发症,如截肢.
- 医生主导的DPN干预措施在延迟其发病和进展方面取得了有限的成功.
- 护士主导的查和健康教育越来越多地被认为是他们在早期DPN检测和管理中的作用.
研究的目的:
- 评估护士领导的足部查和定制健康教育 (FSCHE) 计划在管理DPN.在管理的有效性.
- 确定接受FSCHE计划的糖尿病患者中与常规护理相比,DPN的患病率.
- 评估FSCHE计划对DPN相关风险因素和住院时间的影响.
主要方法:
- 从4721名糖尿病患者 (2019-2023) 的病历回顾分析.
- 在护士主导的FSCHE计划中对2022名患者进行比较,与接受定期护理的2699名患者进行比较.
- 通过实验测试和护士领导的脚部查收集数据;每1000个人报告的流行率;用于近似风险比率的几率比率.
主要成果:
- 在FSCHE组中,DPN的患病率从每1000人557例降至199例 (2019-2023年).
- 在FSCHE参与者中,住院时间从11.2天减少到7.59天.
- 与FSCHE计划相比,在定期护理组中,DPN的风险是0.741倍高 (RR [95% CI]:0.741 [0.654,0.840],p < 0.001).
结论:
- 护士领导的FSCHE计划有效地管理中国糖尿病患者的DPN和相关风险因素.
- 客观的查工具和护士主导的干预措施对于早期DPN检测和促进健康行为至关重要.
- 这种方法对于防止DPN的发展和进展至关重要.
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